Adewale Adebajo - Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis: Pathology and Clinical Aspects
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Educational advancement in the field of psoriatic arthritis which this book will provide is consistent with GRAPPAs aims and objectives leading to a productive synergy. GRAPPA (Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis), is recognized world wide as the leading international society for the study and promotion of awareness of psoriatic arthritis. GRAPPA is an association of leading rheumatologists, dermatologists, representatives of patient service leagues and other stakeholders focused on psoriasis and PsA.Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) ranks with rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis as one of the most prevalent inflammatory arthropathies worldwide. There is now a significant global awareness among Rheumatologists, Dermatologists, Internal Medicine Specialists, Gastroenterologists, General Practitioners, Family Practitioners, Physiotherapists, Nurse Specialists, Immunogenetics and many other Health Care Professionals with regards to the importance of psoriatic arthritis.
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Adam Greenspan MDFACR
Gladman Dafna D.
Dimitris Rigopoulos
Jeffrey M. Weinberg
Gene G. Hunder
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Part I
Historical Aspects
Historical Aspects
Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
Adewale Adebajo , Wolf-Henning Boehncke , Dafna D. Gladman and Philip J. Mease (eds.) Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis 10.1007/978-3-319-19530-8_11. Historical Perspectives on Psoriatic Arthritis
Dafna D. Gladman 1
(1)
Psoriatic Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, 1E-410B, Cananda
Dafna D. Gladman
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Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis is defined as an inflammatory musculoskeletal disease associated with psoriasis. First described in the nineteenth century, it was recognized as a unique entity in 1964, following detailed descriptions of the condition by Wright and Moll. Over that past several decades advances in the recognition, prognosis and outcome of psoriatic arthritis have been made, as well as therapeutic interventions which have improved the lives of individuals with this condition.
Keywords
Psoriasis Psoriatic arthritis Prognosis Diagnosis PathogenesisConcept of Psoriatic Arthritis as a Unique Entity
Although Luis Alibert is credited with the first description of psoriatic arthritis in 1818, Thomas Bateman actually reported on arthritis among psoriasis patients in 1813 [].
Despite this earlier recognition of psoriatic arthritis as a unique form of arthritis, it was the seminal papers of the late Professor Verna Wright of Leeds, England that psoriatic arthritis became widely recognized. Wright published on psoriasis and arthritis first in 1956 and re-evaluated the subject again in 1959, when he also performed a comparative study of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and arthritis associated with psoriasis [].
John Moll joined Verna Wright in Leeds and together they continued to make important contributions to the field of spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Their review paper in 1973 outlined the evidence that supported the concept of psoriatic arthritis as a specific disease entity. They provided evidence from clinical, serological, radiological as well as epidemiological studies which confirmed the association between psoriasis and a specific form of arthritis [].
Over 50 Years of Study of Psoriatic Arthritis
The initial description of psoriatic arthritis depicted the disease as a mild disease. However, studies performed over the past several decades have demonstrated that the disease is much more severe that previously thought. Moll and Wright described the majority of patients with psoriatic arthritis presenting with oligoarthritis. Although Wright described a mutilating form of arthritis, it was thought to occur in only 5 % of the cases, and the majority of patients presented with oligoarthritis. However, subsequent studies have shown that the majority of patients with psoriatic arthritis have polyarticular involvement. Helliewll et al actually developed a mathematical model demonstrating that the more joints are involved the more likely symmetric the disease might be [].
Indeed the severity of psoriatic arthritis was noted to be similar to that of rheumatoid arthritis, both in terms of radiographic damage and in terms of patient reported outcomes [].
Polyarticular presentation was identified as a predictor for future deformities and erosions [].
Further evidence supporting the concept that psoriatic arthritis is a severe disease comes from studies demonstrating increased mortality among patients with psoriatic arthritis compared to the general population [].
Psoriatic arthritis impairs quality of life and function as measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Medical Outcome Survey Short Form 36 (SF-36) [].
It has become clear that patients with psoriatic arthritis need to be identified and treated early in order to avoid these untoward outcomes. Patients seen in clinic within 2 years of diagnosis had less damage progression than those seen later in their course, and even a delay of 6 months in consultation led to more severe disease [].
In recent years several studies have identified genes associated with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis [].
Major advances in the management of psoriatic arthritis have been achieved in the past 15 years. Understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, attention to outcome measures to be included in clinical trials, and the availability of a number of medications which work for both skin and joint manifestations of the disease have contributed to these. In addition, the development of international collaboration through the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) have facilitated further work and provided evidence based recommendation for management of patients with psoriatic arthritis. The accomplishments of GRAPPA are reviewed in the next chapter.
References
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Vilanova X, Pinol J. Psoriasis arhtopathica. Rheumatism. 1951;7:197208. PubMed
Wright V. Psoriasis and arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1956;15:34856. PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
Wright V. Rheumatism and psoriasis a re-evaluation. Am J Med. 1959;27:45462. PubMed CrossRef
Wright V. Psoriatic arhtirtis: a caomparative study of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and arthritis associated with psoriasis. AMA Arch Derm. 1959;80:2735. PubMed CrossRef
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Gladman DD. The natural history of psoriatic arthritis. In: Wright V, Helliwell PS, editors. Psoriatic arthritis in Baillires clinical rheumatology. International Practice and Research. London: Baillires Tindall; 1994. p. 37994.
McHugh NJ, Balachrishnan C, Jones SM. Progression of peripheral joint disease in psoriatic arthritis: a 5-yr prospective study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003;42:77883. CrossRef
Kane D, Stafford L, Bresniham B, Fitzgerald O. A prospective, clinical and radiological study of early psoriatic arthritis: an early synovitis clinic experience. Rheumatology. 2003;42:14608. PubMed CrossRef
Husted JA, Gladman DD, Farewell VT, Cook R. Health-related quality of life of patients with psoriatic arthritis: a comparison with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 2001;45:1518. CrossRef
Rahman P, Nguyen E, Cheung C, Schentag C, Gladman DD. Comparison of radiological severity in psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2001;28:10414. PubMed
Sokoll KB, Helliwell PS. Comparison of disability and quality of life in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2001;28:18426. PubMed
Helliwell PS, Porter G, Taylor WJ. Polyarticular psoriatic arthritis is more like oligoarticular psoriatic arthritis, than rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:1137. PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
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