Larry Lutz - Coding: The Bible: 2 Manuscripts - Python and Raspberry PI

Python For Beginners
Step-By-Step Guide to Learning Python Programming

Author
Larry Lutz

Copyright 2018 - All rights reserved.

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Index

• Introduction
• History
• Script Language
• Advantages
• Disadvantages

• Introduction
• Utilities

• Introduction
• Getting python
• Installing python
• Windows Installation
• Python 2 Installation
• Linux Installation
• Macintosh Installation
• Python IDEs

• Hello, World Program
  • By using Text Editor
  • By using Python Interactive
• Python Interactive
• Basic built-in Function

• Variables
• Data types
• Strings
• Escape Character
• Tuples
• Dictionary
• Numbers
• Basic Operators
• Types of Operators
  • Arithmetic Operator
  • Logical Operator
  • Assignment Operator
  • Relational Operator
  • Bitwise Operator
  • Identity Operator
  • Membership Operator

• Introduction
• Basic Mathematics Operations
• NumPy Library
• SciPy Library
• Matplotlib Library

• Importance of built-in types
• Numbers
• Strings

• Lists
• Properties of Lists
• Operations related to lists
• Tuples
• Properties of Tuples
• Operations related to Tuples

• Introduction
• Properties
• Dictionaries Usage
• Operations related to Dictionaries
• Dictionary Functions

• If-else
• Nested If-else
• Else-if Ladder
• Loops
  • While loop
  • For Loop
  • Infinite Loop
• Continue and Break Statement

• Introduction
• Function and its uses
• Function Syntax
• Modules and its uses

• Introduction
• Creating a Class
• Example of Class

• Tkinter Library
• PyQt Library
• Requests Library
• SQLAlchemy Library

Introduction:

The software consists of many small programs interacting with each other. Each program is a combination of instructions in an ordered manner to perform a specific process. Processes are of different types based on the complexity of the program. Development of programs is done based on the type of complexity. Algorithms are needed to find a solution to the problem or implement processes.

An algorithm can be considered as the logic of the program. Each program is written with some type of algorithm. After the development of the program, program testing is done to measure the performance of the program for different inputs. Proper documentation is done with the development of each program for future reference.

To develop any program in the software industry, there are mainly seven stages to follow:

• Requirement Gathering
• Analysing problem
• Decide Input and Output
• Developing Algorithm
• Program implementation
• Testing and Debugging
• Documentation

To find a solution to any software problem, design approaches play a very important role. It is essential to represent the solution for large complex systems. There are various design approaches evolved over the time in the software domain.

Top-Down Approach:

The system consists of various components in a proper hierarchy. In this design approach, designing is done from top-level components to bottom level components.

Bottom Top Approach:

This is the reverse designing approach to Top-down approach. Bottom Level components are designed first and then move to top-level components. Bottom level components are also called base components of the system.

Modular Approach:

This approach is aimed at segregating the whole system into different modules. Each module is implemented differently using a program. Modules are well defined in terms of input and output, it provides flexibility to modify in future and independent testing. Every language is designed on the basis of its requirement and purpose. Like FORTRAN was developed to solve problems related to science and mathematics, COBOL was developed to find solutions related to business applications.

Python interpreter development was started by Guido van Rossum as his hobby project as a successor to ABC Language, but today because of its simplicity and pseudo code characteristics, it has a million users all around the world. Python interpreter is not only able to solve complex programming problems, but able to target problems of the 21 st century in the field of automation, web development, desktop application, and many more.

History:

Python was one of the hobby projects for Guido van Rossum after his regular job in the late 1980s. The irrelevant project name was because of his fondness towards Monty Python's Flying Circus. His intention was to develop a simple and readable code interpreter. Guido released the first version of Python interpreter in the year 1991. Today, there are many python versions available in the series names of 2.X to 3.X and still, latest version are releasing every year.

Presently, Python's development and upgradation are handled by a non-profile organization named Python Software Foundation and Guido van Rossum still holds a very important role in the development of python interpreter. There are many versions of python interpreter, and with every release, its feature has been improved and new features included. In October 2000, Python 2.0 was released.

The major features included were Unicode support and Memory Management with a cyclic-detection garbage collection system. In the year 2008, Python 3.0 was released with major functionalities backward compatibility with python 2.6 and python 2.7 version.

Scripting Language:

• Python is a high level and general purpose programming language.
• You might have seen people considering it as a scripting language because they understand script and program as the same.
• They often use the word Script instead of Program. Python has become the tool for many people around the world because of it's easy to use characteristics. Sometimes Python users also infer python file by using the term script.
• Commonly, Python is an Object-oriented programming language that inherits all the advantages of OOP and dividing a program into procedures, modules, and functions. Its object-oriented orientation makes it useful for the scripting purpose.

Advantages:

Python language is widely used all over the globe. Its popularity is because of its characteristics and many advantages attached to it. Some of the major advantages are as follows:

Easy-to-Learn, Read and Maintain:

Pythons design philosophy focusses more on the readability of the code. Its pseudo code nature makes it easy-to-learn for beginners who want to learn to programme.

Any non-computer science background can understand by reading the code because of its simple English words used as Keywords. Python's code is also very easy-to-maintain.

A handful of Standard Libraries: