of related interest
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The Comprehensive Guide to Assessing Children in Need
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Edited by Jan Horwath
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eISBN 978 0 85700 183 2
Social Work Reclaimed
Innovative Frameworks for Child and Family Social Work Practice
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Promoting Childrens Rights in Social Work and Social Care
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Children in Charge series
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Foreword by Simon Denegri
ISBN 978 1 84905 075 3
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Research Highlights in Social Work series
Good Practice in Safeguarding Children
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ISBN 978 1 84310 945 7
eISBN 978 1 84642 894 4
Child Development for Child Care and Protection Workers
2nd edition
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Foreword by Professor David Howe
ISBN 978 1 84905 068 5
eISBN 978 0 85700 245 7
IMPROVING
CHILD
and
FAMILY
ASSESSMENTS
Turning Research into Practice
Danielle Turney, Dendy Platt,
Julie Selwyn and Elaine Farmer
Jessica Kingsley Publishers
London and Philadelphia
Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of the HMSO and the Queens Printer for Scotland.
Box 4.2 on pp.678 is reproduced from Thoburn et al. 2009 with permission from the Centre for Excellence and Outcomes in Children and Young Peoples Services (C4EO).
First published in 2012
by Jessica Kingsley Publishers
73 Collier Street
London N1 9BE, UK
and
400 Market Street, Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
www.jkp.com
Copyright Danielle Turney, Dendy Platt, Julie Selwyn and Elaine Farmer 2012 Printed digitally since 2012
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 610 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Applications for the copyright owners written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher.
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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Improving child and family assessments : turning research into practice / Danielle Turney ... [et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84905-256-6 (alk. paper)
1. Family social work. 2. Social work with children. 3. Family assessment. 4. Social service--Research. I. Turney, Danielle.
HV697.I47 2012
362.8253--dc23
2011032658
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 1 84905 256 6
eISBN 978 0 85700 553 3
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This book is based on a research review funded by the Department for Education. In the course of the project, we contacted a number of researchers who had been involved in key government-funded research initiatives and one overview study and would like to thank them for their generous responses to our requests for information and access to published and unpublished reports. The review cannot fully reflect all the work that was undertaken in the studies we have reported but it is clear that there is a wealth of information about assessment to draw on. We were well supported by Jenny Gray, Julie Wilkinson and Isabella Craig at the Department for Education throughout the project. We would like to thank them and other colleagues who were particularly helpful in accessing currently unpublished work. Excellent research assistance was provided by Valerie Bramwell, Gillian Macdonald, Hilary Saunders and Joanne Abbott.
We would also like to thank all the members of our Advisory Group Marian Brandon, Hedy Cleaver, Isabella Craig, Jenny Gray, Colin Green, David Jones, Helen Jones, Lorraine Radford, Rosemarie Roberts and Julie Wilkinson for reading and commenting on the report.
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
This book draws together information gathered in the course of a review of research, commissioned by the Department for Education (DfE). The review was intended to provide a better understanding of the relationship between the quality of assessments and outcomes for children in contact with childrens social care services. More specifically, the purpose of the review was to increase understanding of:
- how information collected and analysed during an assessment has both a short- and long-term impact on future planning, choice of interventions and of placements and psycho-social outcomes for children
- how variations in local authority policies and practices affect decisions about whether initial or core assessments should be undertaken and whether thresholds for intervention have been met.
The period covered by this research review (19992010) has been framed by a number of high-profile cases of preventable child deaths. It is also a period where there has been considerable central government investment in services and in research aiming to deepen understanding of the impact of policy and practice changes.
Indeed, during this period the Department of Health and the then Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) funded six research initiatives and a substantial review of government-funded research into different aspects of foster care. Each of the research initiatives had a particular focus: the impact of the Children Act 1989, supporting parents, costs and outcomes in childrens social care, Quality Protects, adoption and safeguarding. The research studies in each of these research programmes provide a rich source of material on the assessment of children in need from which our review has drawn.
Background
The assessment of children in need and their families is an aspect of social work practice that has attracted considerable attention over the past decade. Poor-quality, incomplete or non-existent assessments have been of particular concern. Five areas have been repeatedly identified in the literature as problematic: a failure to engage with the child, inadequacies in information gathering, differential thresholds, shortcomings in critical analysis and shortcomings in inter-professional working.