Muhammad Asim Khan - Axial Spondyloarthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis (The Facts Series)

also available in the facts series

Lung Cancer: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Falk and Williams

Psoriatic Arthritis: the facts

Gladman and Chandran

Schizophrenia: the facts

FOURTH EDITION

Glatt, Faraone, and Tsuang

The Pill and other forms of hormonal contraception: the facts

SEVENTH EDITION

Guillebaud and MacGregor

Myotonic dystrophy: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Harper

Alzheimers and other Dementias: the facts

Hughes

Lupus: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Isenberg and Manzi

Angina and Heart Attack: the facts

Jevon

Ankylosing Spondylitis and Axial Spondyloarthritis: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Khan

Borderline Personality Disorder: the facts

Krawitz and Jackson

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: the facts

Langmead and Irving

Back Pain: the facts

Lee, Brook, and Daniel

Stroke: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Lindley

Alcoholism: the facts

FOURTH EDITION

Manzardo, Goodwin, Campbell, Penick, and Gabrelli

Prostate cancer: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Mason and Moffat

Diabetes: the facts

Matthews, Meston, Dyson, Shaw, King, and Pal

Skin Conditions in Young People: the facts

McPherson

Essential tremor: the facts

Plumb and Bain

Osteoarthritis: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Prieto-Alhambra, Arden, and Hunter

Huntingtons Disease: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Quarrell

Panic disorder: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Rachman and de Silva

Obsessive-compulsive disorder: the facts

FOURTH EDITION

Rachman and de Silva

Post-traumatic Stress: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Regel and Joseph

Tourette syndrome: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Robertson and Cavanna

Breast Cancer: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Saunders, Jassal, and Lim

Dyslexia and other learning difficulties: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Selikowitz

Down Syndrome: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Selikowitz

ADHD: the facts

THIRD EDITION

Selikowitz

Sleep problems in Children and Adolescents: the facts

Stores

Motor neuron disease: the facts

Talbot and Marsden

Cystic fibrosis: the facts

FOURTH EDITION

Thomson and Harris

Thyroid disease: the facts

FOURTH EDITION

Vanderpump and Tunbridge

Depression: the facts

SECOND EDITION

Wassermann

Cosmetic surgery: the facts

Waterhouse

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Second Edition published in 2023

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ISBN 9780198864158

eISBN 9780192609717

DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198864158.001.0001

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I dedicate this book to my father, Umar Khan, my mother, Hameeda Khanam, and to her father, Sadr-ud-Din Khan (a high school principal who retired as inspector of schools) for having inculcated in me the passion to pursue knowledge and impart it to others. They all worked tirelessly to re-establish when we became refugees, uprooted from our ancestral lands when I was a little over three years old. Therefore, I also dedicate this book to all the refugees like me in this world who may still be longing for a home, and most of them also happen to share my faith.

Written for patients by a patient who is also a leading authority on spondyloarthritis, this book is an essential reference and reading for people living with axial spondyloarthritis with ankylosing spondylitis as its prototypeand their caregivers who want to learn about the disease and how to manage it well.

Michael Mallinson,
Patient Advocate and Volunteer,
Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF)

There have been tremendous advances in clinical understanding, early disease recognition, and more effective management of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and related diseases. The advent of newer imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and very low-dose computerized tomography (CT), have also facilitated early diagnosis and initiation of increasingly more effective (but costly) drugs called biologics (administered by injection under the skin or by intravenous infusion), and most recently JAK-inhibitors that are taken orally as tablets. These drugs target inflammatory proteins (cytokines), such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17).

All these new development and progress in diagnosis and management of AS and related diseases has necessitated this second edition of the book. I have updated its title by adding the term Axial Spondyloarthritis that requires some explanation.

The term spondyloarthritis (or SpA) refers to a family of chronic inflammatory non-contagious (non-infectious) forms of arthritis involving the spine and the limbs that share many of their clinical features and genetic predisposing factors. Those patients with SpA who primarily have inflammation of the joints and ligaments of the back and neck (i.e., the axial skeleton) are now sub-classified as having axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA); whereas those with involvement predominantly of the peripheral (distal) limb joints (other than hip and shoulder joints that are part of the axial skeleton), are labeled as having peripheral SpA. The typical example of axSpA is AS, while that of peripheral SpA is psoriatic arthritis (PsA).