Patrick French - Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer

Painted Indian miniatures of Clara Younghusband and John Younghusband (Oriental and India Office Collections of the British Library (OIOC)).

Francis Younghusbands uncle Robert Shaw in Yarkandi costume (Lees Collection (LC)).

Francis Younghusband, shortly after his fifth birthday (LC).

The Church of St John in the Wilderness (The Queens Empire).

A Lahauli mother and son beyond the Rhotang Pass (Richard Wingfield).

May Ewart (OIOC).

Nellie Douglas (OIOC).

Henry Newbolt in his days as a Clifton College cadet (Peter Newbolt).

The legendary pony-man Mahmood Isa (Royal Geographical Society (RGS)).

Captain Younghusband with George Macartney and the Amban of Yarkand (John Stewart).

Younghusband with Macartney and the mysterious Great Gamers Lennard and Beech (OIOC).

Younghusband and his Russian rival Colonel Grombtchevski (Eileen Younghusband Collection (EY)).

Chitrali horsemen, near Mastuj (Richard Wingfield).

The young Maharajah of Indore (John Burke Collection).

The Maharajah of Bikaner (John Burke Collection).

Helen Magniac and Francis Younghusband on their wedding day (OIOC).

Colonel Francis Younghusband, shortly before he set off to invade Tibet (EY).

A fictionalized view of the Colonel and his Mission (Le Lama Blanc, Collection Eldorado).

Younghusband holed up in the compound at Gyantse (RGS).

The Staff in Tibet, including Younghusband, Macdonald, OConnor and Bailey (RGS).

His Holiness the Thirteenth Dalai Lama (F. Spencer Chapmans Lhasa, The Holy City).

Agvan Dorzhiev in St Petersburg with a boy monk in attendance (Alexander Andreyev).

A senior Tibetan officer, almost certainly Depon Lhading (Peter Flemings Bayonets to Lhasa).

Yeshe Dolma, Queen of Sikkim (OIOC).

The Tongsa Penlop Ugyen Wangchuk, soon to become King of Bhutan (RGS).

A youthful George Curzon (Lady Alexandra Metcalfe).

The four Tibetan Cabinet Ministers who negotiated the Treaty of Lhasa (RGS).

A Sikh Pioneer flogs a Tibetan camp servant (RGS).

British troops march into Lhasa through the West Gate (RGS).

The Younghusbands with the Maharajah of Kashmir in 1908 (OIOC).

The Kashmir Resident with Shukar Ali (OIOC).

George Mallory on his way up Mount Everest (RGS).

Doctor Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (National Integration, 1964).

Younghusband clutching the Ganden Tripas bronze Buddha (OIOC).

A cigarette card showing Younghusband, wearing what appears to be a fez, at the British Empire Exhibition in Wembley in 1924 (Nicholas Rhodes).

The Religious Drama Society in action (RADIUS).

Nona, later Countess of Essex (Jennifer Armstrong).

Younghusband with Herbert Samuel and Gilbert Murray (George Seavers Francis Younghusband: Explorer and Mystic).

Madeline Lees flanked by her husband and seven children, a year before she met Francis Younghusband (LC).

Younghusband reclining in an armchair (EY).

I would like to thank the following people for their help: Janet Adam Smith, Alexander Andreyev (who supplied rare information on Dorzhiev), Anthony Aris, Michael Aris, Jennifer Armstrong, Mike Baddeley, Frederica Barkley, the Bedis, David Blake (who catalogued the monstrous volume of paper in the Younghusband Collection at the India Office Library), Chris Bonington, Michaela Bosquet, Louisa Bouskell, John Bray, John Burke, Sue Byrne, Edward Carpenter, Nirad Chaudhuri, Terry Coleman, Tim Concannon, Roger Croston, Olive Dalrymple, Willy Dalrymple, Julian Daly, Richard Davenport-Hines, Dawa Norbu, Hubert Decleer, Michael Dillon, Bill Dolby, Donkar Topden, Jerome Edou, Nona Countess of Essex, Gerald Evered, Jerry Fisher, Michael Fishwick (that incomparable editor), Zara Fleming, Lionello Fogliano, Dave French (no relation), Lavinia French (for advice on psychological matters), Maurice French (for advice on military matters), Alan Furness, Elizabeth Furness, David Gilmour, Gyurme Dorje, Lady Hallifax, Duff Hart-Davis, Sir Rupert Hart-Davis, Pat Heron, James Hill, Michael Holroyd, Kath Hopkirk, Peter Hopkirk, John Hunt, Robin Huws Jones (Eileen Younghusbands executor, who saved many papers from the shredder and gave me much help), Fredrick Hyde-Chambers, Samuel Hynes, Lois Wyse Jackson, Jamyang Norbu, Greta Jansen, Jetsun Pema, Jigdol Densapa, Kathleen Jones (for essential insights into the Younghusband family), Tamio Kaneko (who revealed the workings of the Fight for Right), Karma Topden, Pat Kattenhorn, John Keay, Nikolai Kuleshov, Tessa Lambourne, Sir Thomas Lees, Gennady Leonov, the late Sir Jack Longland, Mary Lutyens, Parshotam Mehra, Jan Morris, Andrew Macdonald, Dominic Martin, John Michell, Naomi Mitchison, Robert Morrell, the late John Grey Murray, Joseph Needham, Miss Neema, Peter Newbolt, Pamela Nightingale, Maggie Noach (my literary agent), Christina Noble, Norbu Sangpo (who interpreted some crucial conversations), Alex Norman, Penny Olsen, Pushpa Pandya, Bill Peters, Ahmed Rashid, Katherine Rawlinson, Emma Reeves, Hugh Richardson, Rinchen Kazi, Rinzin Wangmo, Isabelle Ritchie, Annie Robertson, Kenneth Rose, John Rowley, the late Sir Algernon Rumbold, Kit Russell, Peter Seaver, Sioban Shirley, my multifarious siblings (Emily and Hugh in particular), Clive Stace, John Stewart, James Symington (for information on the Gilgit Agency), Tashi Densapa, Mary Anne Taylor, Tenzin Geyche Tethong, Thinly Woser, Thondup Kyibuk, Dorothy Thorold, Geshe Thubten Jinpa, Betty Townsend, Sir George Trevelyan, Tsering Shakya (who shared his remarkable knowledge of Tibetan history with me, time after time), Tsewang Topgyal, Frank Tuohy, Richard Wheaton (a comparably incomparable editor) and Richard Wingfield.