M y youngest daughter looked at me knowingly one afternoon and enquired, Are you writing another book, daddy? Sorry, I replied. Oh, she sighed and slowly walked away. Later, other daughter: Why do you want to write these books? Its not fair. I want to play Neopets. Who cares about the war? Sorry, I replied again. Enter son, Another war book, dad? Yes, I said, waiting for the request to get off the computer. Cool! he said, and walked off.
Writing a book such as this is a team effort and a number of thanks are in order. Firstly to my family for putting up with the insanity and secondly to the people and organisations who have helped me with the research. In France I received invaluable help from Sylvie Leclercq, Daniel Wininger, Monique Capron, Andr Coilliot, Jeanine Leclercq and the Mayor of Oppy. Closer to home, thanks are due to Pam Boyd of the Princess of Wales Own Yorkshire Regiment Museum for providing access to CSM Crabtrees journal; A Richards at the Imperial War Museum for putting me in touch, wherever possible, with the copyright holders of material in their collection: E G De Caux, Captain Sir George Clark MA, Lt Pound and Private Surfleet; the keeper of the National Archive, for allowing me to use the relevant war diaries; Anne Coulson for her excellent work in proof-reading the manuscript; as always the staff at The Prince Consorts library; Graham Reddie at the Commonwealth War Graves Commission; the late Dr Alf Peacock for permission to use the memoirs of Private Aust; G Hanwell for allowing me to use material from the diary of Private Pearson and the late Lily Perkins for letting me quote liberally from Private Beekens diary and Tam Large for allowing me to quote from the letters of Major Traill; the photograph of Lt Col Rickman is reproduced with the permission of B Wollen and the photograph of T Southworth is courtesy of D Bayliss. Further photographs were kindly provided by Owen Challans, George Hurst, B Reynolds, S Shearsmith, P Fay, Mrs H Capstick, R Thirsk and B Alden (Duke of Edinburghs Royal Regiment). Information about the war cemeteries is copyright and is reproduced courtesy of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Thanks to M Hibberd for help with the maps.
Finally, thank you to all at Pen & Sword a pleasure to work with you once again.
Select Bibliography & Further Reading
Bilton, D, Hull Pals . Pen & Sword. 1999.
Bilton, D, The Trench The full story of the 1st Hull Pals. Pen & Sword. 2002.
Boraston, Lt Col. J H & Capt. C E O Bax. The Eighth Division 1914-1918. Medici Society. 1926.
Bourne, J M. Britain and the Great War 1914-1918 . Edward Arnold. 1989.
Carver, R B. et al. A History of the 10th (Service) Battalion The East Yorkshire Regiment (Hull Commercials). A Brown & Sons Ltd. 1937.
Clayton, A. Paths of Glory . Orion. 2003.
Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Cemeteries & Memorials in Belgium & Northern France. Michelin. 2004.
Coombs, R. MBE. Before Endeavours Fade . After the Battle. 1983.
Edmonds, Brigadier- General Sir James. Military Operations France and Belgium 1916 Volume I. Macmillan. 1932.
Edmonds, Brigadier- General Sir James. Military Operations France and Belgium 1917 Volume II . HMSO. 1948.
Edmonds, Brigadier- General Sir James. Military Operations France and Belgium 1918 Volume II. Macmillan. 1937.
Edmonds, Brigadier- General Sir James. Military Operations France and Belgium 1918 Volume V . HMSO. 1947.
Falls, Captain C. Military Operations France and Belgium 1917. Macmillan and Co. 1940.
Gerrard, A D. The Road to Oppy Wood . Privately published. 1997.
Gliddon, G. VCs of the First World War Arras & Messines 1917. Sutton Publishing. 1998.
Hammerton, J A. World War 1914 1918 Volume 2 . Amalgamated Press. ND.
Jackson, A. The Accrington Pals, Oppy-Gavrelle, May-June 1917. http://www.btinternet.com/~a.jackson/oppy2.html . 2002.
Johnson, J.H. Stalemate! Arms & Armour Press. 1997.
Junger, E. Storm of Steel. Allen Lane. 2003.
Ludendorff, E. My War Memories 1914 1918. Hutchinson. 1919.
Macdonald, L. To the Last Man . Viking. 1998
Maude, A H. The history of the 47th (London) Division 1914-1919. Amalgamated Press. 1922
Michelin. Illustrated Michelin guide to the Battlefields (1914-1918) Arras. Michelin. 1919
Nicholls, J. Cheerful Sacrifice The battle of Arras 1917. Leo Cooper. 1990.
Petre, F L. The Royal Berkshire Regiment Volume 2. The Royal Berkshire Regiment. 1925.
Scott, Major General Sir Arthur B, KCB, DSO. History of the 12th Eastern Division in the Great War, 1914-1918. Nisbet & Co. ND.
Sheffield, G. Forgotten Victory. Headline. 2001.
Sheffield, G & Inglis G. From Vimy Ridge to the Rhine. The Crowood Press. 1989.
Sheppard, Capt. E W, OBE, MC. The race to the sea, September 1914 to October, 1914. The Army Quarterly Volume 2. Clowes. 1921.
Some of Them. A Short Diary of the 11th Service Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment. 1914-1919 . Goddard, Walker & Brown. 1921.
Swinton, Major General Sir Ernest, KBE, CB. Twenty Years After. Volumes 1 & 2. Newnes. 1938.
The Snapper. The Regimental Journal of the East Yorkshire Regiment, issues for 1917.
Tallet, K & Tasker T. Gavrelle. Leo Cooper. 2000.
Taylor, A J P. War by Time-table. Macdonald & Co. 1969.
The Times. History of the Great War Volume XIV. The Times. 1917.
The Times. History of the Great War Volume XV . The Times. 1917.
The Times. History of the Great War Volume XX. The Times. 1919.
Thorold, B. Invasion History of the First World War. Purnell. 1969.
Ward, Major C H D. The Fifty-sixth Division 1914-1918. John Murray. 1921.
War Office, Soldiers Died in the Great War - Various Volumes. J B Hayward & Son. 1989.
Wilson, T. The Myriad Faces of War. Polity Press. 1986.
www.marple-uk.com Marple War Memorial book. 2004.
www.purly.de mon History of the 1st (Regular) Battalion Royal Berkshire Regiment. 2004.
Wyrall, E. The East Yorkshire Regiment in the Great War 1914 1918. Harrison & Sons. 1928.
Wyrall, E. The History of The Second Division 1914 1918 Volume 2. Nelson. 1921.
4th Hull Battalion. 4th Hull Battalion . Johnson & Sons. ND.
War Diaries all unpublished. Held at The National Archive, London.
2 Division, 5 Division, 8 Division, 31 Division, 56 Division, 6 Brigade, 92 Brigade, 99 Brigade, 10 East Yorkshire Regiment, 11 East Yorkshire Regiment, 12 East Yorkshire Regiment, 13 East Yorkshire Regiment, 13 Essex Regiment, 2 Highland Light Infantry, 1 Kings Royal Rifle Corps, 1st/4th London Regiment, 17 Middlesex Regiment, 1 Royal Berkshire Regiment, 17 Royal Fusiliers, 22 Royal Fusiliers, 23 Royal Fusiliers, 24 Royal Fusiliers, 1 Sherwood Foresters, 2 South Staffs, 1 Worcestershire Regiment.
Chapter One
1914-1916 The Germans Arrive
On 1 August uncertainty vanished when Germany invaded Luxembourg; war now seemed inevitable. As if to further re-enforce this eventuality, the next day the German government presented Belgium with an ultimatum requiring her to let German troops march over her territory and, on 3 August, declared war on France.
In order to protect herself, to help her allies and to defend Belgian neutrality, guaranteed by treaty obligations between Britain and Belgium, Britain had no option but to demand that Germany call off her invasion of Belgium; failure to co-operate would mean that a state of war would exist between them. On having received no reply by the midnight (Central European time) 4 August deadline, the British government declared war. The stroke of 11pm by Big Ben signified the start of the Great War for civilisation.