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National Council of American-Soviet Friendship - The Case of the 16 Poles and the Plot for War on the U.S.S.R. as Told in Official Documents

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The Case of the 16 Poles and the Plot for War on the U.S.S.R. as Told in Official Documents


Published by:

The National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, Inc.

114 East 32nd Street, New York 16, N. Y.

Introduction

The indictment which we publish herewith is an indictment of far wider circles than the sixteen agents of the Polish emigre government in London whom it accuses of terroristic acts against the Red Army that liberated Poland and of plotting for war against the U.S.S.R.

It is an indictment of the Polish emigre government itself, which directed their activities and which for years, while claiming to support the independence of the Polish people, has in fact betrayed the interests of Poland and was prepared to deliver it a second time into fascist bondage. It is an indictment of all those reactionary groups in the United States an in England who have utilized the Polish issue to stir up hatred against the Soviet Union and undermine the structure of the world security organization.

By this indictment all these groups stand convicted before the bar of democratic world opinion.

The facts set forth in this indictment make clear that not the Soviet Government delayed the fulfillment of the Yalta agreement on Poland, but those who were taken in by the propaganda of the London Poles and their supporters, who counted these accused Poles "democrats" and acceptable as leaders to the Polish people, who refused to honor the word of our staunch Soviet ally or their own obligations, and broke off negotiations on the Yalta agreement because of the arrest of this group of conspirators. They also make clear why, as Stalin had stated weeks before, such a group was not and could never have been invited by Soviet authorities for negotiations, as the London Poles had falsely claimed they were. The decisive action taken by President Truman in sending Joseph E. Davies to London and Harry Hopkins to Moscow, brought the discussions back in line with the terms of the Yalta agreement.

Every word set forth in the indictment was confirmed and amplified in the public trial which opened in Moscow on June 17. All but one of the accused (Stypulkowski) pleaded guilty of the charges. They admitted maintaining their "Armia Krajowa" (Home Army) in the underground for purposes of hostilities against the Red Army and the Warsaw Provisional Government. They admitted plotting to form a bloc with Germany for war against the U.S.S.R.

It was not possible this time as in the former Moscow trials for the anti-Sovieteers to set up the cry that the trials were faked and the confessions induced by Oriental drugs. The true meaning of the Moscow treason trials has been completely clarified by all that has happened since. But there has not yet been sufficient realization of the deadly seriousness of the threat of war against the Soviet Union revealed in the trial of these Polish conspirators.

Because there are numerous and powerful groups in our own country who likewise are engaged in trying to foment a new world war even before the present one is completed and who are ready to make common cause with our enemies in order to fight our great friend and ally, the Soviet Union, we cannot afford to be in ignorance of any detail of these plots.

In summing up the proceedings of the trial, the Soviet prosecutor, Major General Afanasiev, announced that he would not ask the death penalty for any of the defendants, since they were mere puppets of the Polish Government-in-Exile, and also because "we are now experiencing the joyful days of victory and they are no longer dangerous." He declared:

"This trial sums up the activities of the Polish reactionaries who for years have fought the Soviet Union. Their policy led to the occupation of Poland by the Germans. The Red Army fought for freedom and independence against barbarism.... The Soviet Union, with the help of the Allies, played the decisive role in Germany's defeat. But Okulicki and the others wanted to knife the Red Army in the back..... They prefer a cordon sanitaire around Russia to friendship with her..."

On June 21 sentence was pronounced by Colonel General Ulrich, President of the Soviet Military Tribunal. The heaviest sentence ten years was imposed upon the ringleader, Major General Okulicki, commander of the Home Army after the ill-fated Warsaw uprising, while an eight year sentence was imposed on Jankowski, leader of the Polish underground and deputy prime minister of the London Polish government. Bien and Jasiukowicz were given five year terms; Puzak, Zwierzynski, Czarnowski, Mierzwa, Urbanski, Hacinski and Stypulkowski received sentences of from four to eighteen months. Michalowski, Stemler-Doroski and Kobylanski were acquitted. Paidak, absent from the trial due to illness, will be tried later.

At this writing, announcement has just been made by Commissar Viacheslav Molotov, "British Ambassador Sir Archibald Clark Kerr and United States Ambassador W. Averell Harriman, the commission authorized at the Crimea conference to settle the problem, that the new Polish Provisional Government of National Unity has been agreed upon by the Polish representatives meeting in Moscow. Thus, in the closing days of the San Francisco Conference, the way is open for the inclusion of the new democratic Poland among the United Nations. It is a blot upon the conference that the Polish people, who made such tremendous sacrifices for the Allied cause, were not represented from the start, while fascist Argentina was given a seat. But we can now rejoice at the partial righting of this wrong.

The Warsaw Provisional Government forms the basis of the new government, as was agreed upon at Yalta, with the inclusion of five other Poles from London and within Poland. The Socialist, Peasant and Workers' Parties are represented, and the way is open for inclusion of other democratic parties. Edward Osubka-Morawski continues as Premier, with Stanislaw Mikolajczyk, whose resignation as premier of the London Polish government was forced by his associates' refusal to come to an agreement with the Warsaw regime, as vice-premier. (Mikolajczyk, incidentally, was entirely cleared of any complicity in the subversive activities revealed at the trial.) Boleslaw Bierut will retain his present post as President, and the presidium serving with him will be enlarged to include Wincenty Witos, Peasant Party leader, and twice Premier. of Poland; and Dr. Stanislaw Grabski, speaker of the former Polish National Assembly. Jan Stanczyk, former minister of Social/Welfare and Labor in the London Polish government is included, and Meczislaw Thugut, former Minister of the Interior, has been invited to participate.

According to the agreement, formal recognition by the United States, England and the Soviet Government will follow the setting up of the new regime, which will function until elections can be held. This will be a powerful impetus to the Polish people in the rebuilding of their country in which gigantic task they have so far been able to count only on their internal forces and the help of their great neighbor the U.S.S.R. They have already made immense progress in restoring order from the chaos left by the Germans, instituting agrarian reforms, establishing an industrial base, reopening religious, social and cultural institutions. Against many handicaps, they have established the greatest degree of democracy Poland has ever known.

With the coming into being of the new Polish Provisional Government of National Unity, the curtain goes down on the over-long and shabby act played by the London Poles, and they shuffle ignominiously from the stage. But the ugly divisions they fomented have not yet ceased to operate, and the propaganda they disseminated is still at the disposal of the unscrupulous.

That is why we urge that every word in this indictment be read with the greatest care. These facts will help us to a better understanding of the forces arrayed against the U.S.S.R., against the people of Poland, and against the democratic forces everywhere.

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