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ALSO BY HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR.
African American National Biography, editor, with Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham
Black in Latin America
Tradition and the Black Atlantic: Critical Theory in the African Diaspora
Colored People
The Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Reader, edited by Abby Wolf
The Image of the Black in Western Art Series, editor, with David Bindman
Life Upon These Shores: Looking at African American History, 15132008
The Signifying Monkey
ALSO BY DONALD YACOVONE
Freedoms Journey: African American Voices of the Civil War
Hope & Glory: Essays on the Legacy of the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, editor, with Martin H. Blatt and Thomas J. Brown
Lincoln on Race and Slavery, editor, with Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Nothing but Freedom, Justice, and Truth: Essays on the Meaning of Wendell Phillips, editor, with A J Aisirithe (forthcoming)
Samuel Joseph May and the Dilemmas of the Liberal Persuasion, 17971871
A Shared Experience: Men, Women, and the History of Gender, editor, with Laura McCall
A Voice of Thunder: The Civil War Letters of George E. Stephens
Witness for Freedom: A Documentary History of the Black Abolitionist Movement, editor, with C. Peter Ripley, Roy E. Finkenbine, and Michael Hembree
Copyright 2013 by Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and Donald Yacovone
Published in the United States by: SmileyBooks www.SmileyBooks.com
Distributed in the United States by: Hay House, Inc.: www.hayhouse.com Published and distributed in Australia by:
Hay House Australia Pty. Ltd.: www.hayhouse.com.au Published and distributed in the United Kingdom by:
Hay House UK, Ltd.: www.hayhouse.co.uk Published and distributed in the Republic of South Africa by:
Hay House SA (Pty), Ltd.: www.hayhouse.co.za Distributed in Canada by: Raincoast: www.raincoast.com
Published in India by: Hay House Publishers India: www.hayhouse.co.in
Design: Vertigo Design NYC
Indexer: Hazel Abbul
Produced by Stonesong Press, LLC
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any mechanical, photographic, or electronic process, or in the form of a phonographic recording; nor may it be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or otherwise be copied for public or private useother than for fair use as brief quotations embodied in articles and reviewswithout prior written permission of the publisher.
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Gates, Henry Louis.
The African Americans : many rivers to cross / Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and Donald Yacovone.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4019-3514-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. African Americans--History. I. Yacovone, Donald. II. Title.
E185.G26 2013
305.896073--dc23
2013010214
Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4019-3514-6
Tradepaper ISBN: 978-1-4019-3515-3
16 15 14 13 4 3 2 1
1st edition, October 2013
PRINTED IN CHINA
THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO WILLIAM S. MCFEELY
and
IN MEMORY OF HENRY HAMPTON
Juan Garrido and Hernn Corts
Landing of Slaves at Jamestown, 1619, by Howard Pyle
The Slave Trade, by Auguste Franois Biard
Young Negress, by Wenceslaus Hollar
Slave Market of Cairo, by David Roberts
Queen Nzinga
Job ben Solomon
Bunce Island, Sierra Leone
The Abolition of the Slave Trade, by Isaac Cruikshank
Henry Laurens slave sale advertisement
Fort Mose, by Jeff Gage
Slave Sale in New Amsterdam, by Howard Pyle
Life of George Washington, The Farmer, by Junius Brutus Stearns
Mum Bett, or Elizabeth Freeman
Phillis Wheatley
Toussaint LOuverture, by Nicholas Eustache Maurin
Richard Allen and A.M.E. bishops
Cotton gin patent
United States Slave Trade, 1830
Slave pen, Alexandria, Virginia
Nat Turner
Paul Cuffee
Map of Liberian coast
Frederick Douglass
The Resurrection of Henry Box Brown at Philadelphia, by A. Donnelly
William and Ellen Craft
Harriet Tubman
The Modern Medea (Margaret Garner)
John Brown
Harpers Ferry Firehouse
Stampede among the Negroes in Virginia
Robert Smalls and the Planter
Contraband crossing the Rappahannock
Benjamin F. Butler
Emancipation, by Thomas Nast
Fort Wagner and the 54th Massachusetts Regiment
Christian A. Fleetwood
Contraband working cotton field
Robert Smalls as congressman
Heroes of the Colored Race, by J. Hoover
Klan Sentinel, from A Fools Errand, by Albion W. Tourge
Slave quarters at Jefferson Daviss plantation
Isaiah Montgomery House, Mound Bayou
French Quarter, New Orleans
Ida B. Wells
Lynching of Jesse Washington
SAMBO IMAGES
Dixons Stove Polish
Liberty Frightenin de World
A Political Debate in the Darktown Club
Cavalry Tactics, by the Darktown Horse Guards
A Darktown Wedding
Initiation Ceremonies of the Darktown Lodge
A Darktown Tournament
Tonsorial Art in the Darktown Style
A Fair Start
The Darktown Bowling Club (2)
The Golf Crazy Coons
Coon Hollow
Hello! My Baby: George Thatchers Greatest Minstrels
George Thatchers Greatest Minstrels
Palmers Uncle Toms Cabin
Booker T. Washington
Madam C. J. Walker advertisements
W. E. B. Du Bois
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