Howard Cox - The Growth of Global Business

ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

THE GROWTH OF GLOBAL BUSINESS

THE GROWTH OF GLOBAL BUSINESS

Edited by
HOWARD COX, JEREMY CLEGG AND GRAZIA IETTO-GILLIES

Volume 10

First published in 1993

This edition first published in 2013
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1993 Howard Cox, Jeremy Clegg and Grazia Ietto-Gillies

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-0-415-63009-2 (Set)
eISBN: 978-0-203-07716-0 (Set)
ISBN: 978-0-415-63970-5 (Volume 10)
eISBN: 978-0-203-07782-5 (Volume 10)

Publishers Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.

The growth of global business

Edited by Howard Cox, Jeremy Clegg and Grazia Ietto-Gillies

First published 1993
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001

1993 Howard Cox, Jeremy Clegg and Grazia Ietto-Gillies

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0-415-09062-8

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

The Growth of global business/edited by Howard Cox, Jeremy Clegg, and Grazia Ietto-Gillies.

p. cm. (International business series)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-415-09062-8

1. International business enterprises. 2. Service industries

International cooperation. I. Cox, Howard, 1954 . II. Clegg, Jeremy, 1955 . III. Ietto-Gillies, Grazia, IV. Series:
International business series (London, England)
HD2755.5.G75 1993
338.88 dc 20 93-7245
CIP

Figures and tables

FIGURES

TABLES

Contributors

Peter J. Buckley is Professor of Managerial Economics at the University of Bradford Management Centre.

John Cantwell is Professor of International Economics in the Department of Economics, University of Reading.

Jeremy Clegg is a Lecturer in Business Economics at the School of Management, the University of Bath.

Howard Cox is Senior Lecturer in Economics in the Department of International Business and Languages, South Bank University.

Evan Davis was formerly a Research Fellow at the London Business School and is currently an Economics Correspondent for the BBC.

Gerard Hanlon was formerly a researcher in the Department of Sociology, Trinity College, Dublin and is currently an EC Fellow at the European Institute at the London School of Economics.

Grazia Ietto-Gillies is Professor of Applied Economics and Head of the Department of International Business and Languages at South Bank University.

Geoffrey Jones is Professor of Business History in the Department of Economics, University of Reading.

John Kay is a Professor of Economics in the Centre for Business Strategy, London Business School.

Hafiz Mirza is Lecturer in International Business at the University of Bradford Management Centre.

Hugo Radice is Lecturer in Economics at the School of Business and Economic Studies, University of Leeds.

Julien Savary is Lecturer in Economics at the Universit des Sciences Sociales, Toulouse.

Alan Treadgold is a retail industry consultant at Coopers and Lybrand.

Stephen Young is Professor and Head of Department of Marketing, University of Strathclyde.

Preface and Acknowledgements

For many years, the growth and development of international business has played a central role in shaping the directions of change in the world economy. The focus upon international business as a force for promoting change has, however, frequently overshadowed the fact that the forms of international business activity themselves have undergone radical changes and never more so than during the 1980s.

The 1991 annual conference of the UK region of the Academy of International Business (AIB) provided an opportunity for those in the various disciplines of international business to analyse and evaluate some of the most significant of these developments, from both short- and long-run perspectives. The broad array of papers presented at the conference was itself a testimony to the wide-ranging nature of changes that have been taking place within international business.

Each paper was subjected to a blind refereeing process in which each editor was assisted by two appointed reviewers. We wish to record our grateful thanks to the following reviewers, who gave invaluable assistance to the editors in acting as referees for the papers submitted to the conference, thereby ensuring the high quality of papers presented:

Dr Michael Z Brooke (Brooke Associates)

Professor Peter Buckley (University of Bradford Management Centre)

Dr John Cantwell (University of Reading)

Professor Mark Casson (University of Reading)

Dr Jim Hamill (Strathclyde International Business Unit)

Robin John (South Bank University)

Hafiz Mirza (University of Bradford Management Centre)

Dr Hugo Radice (University of Leeds)

The conference was held at South Bank University, 1213 April 1991, and was attended by fifty-one participants. A discussant was appointed for each paper presented, in addition to providing written comments that were of much assistance to the editors and of great benefit to the contributors to this volume. We would like to place on record our appreciation to all the discussants and to those who chaired sessions. A particular debt of gratitude is owed to Professor Peter Buckley and Professor Stephen Young for providing the conference with a stimulating concluding session.

The objective of the UK AIB, and each of its conferences, is to act as a professional focal point and forum in the rapidly growing field of international business. In this and every other respect the South Bank conference was a resounding success. Many UK institutions were represented, including those familiar to the UK AIB and others new to international business. The papers stimulated many excellent discussions and our gratitude goes to all those who participated.