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Exploring the relationship between Native Americans and the natural world, Biodiversity and Native America questions the widespread view that indigenous peoples had minimal ecological impact in North America. Introducing a variety of perspectives - ethnopharmacological, ethnographic, archaeological, and biological - this volume shows that Native Americans were active managers of natural ecological systems. The book covers groups from the sophisticated agriculturalists of the Mississippi River drainage region to the low-density hunter-gatherers of arid western North America.This book allows readers to develop accurate restoration, management, and conservation models through a thorough knowledge of native peoples ecological history and dynamics. It also illustrates how indigenous peoples affected environmental patterns and processes, improving crop diversity and agricultural patterns.
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Indians of North America--Ethnobiology, Indians of Mexico--Ethnobiology, Biological diversity--North America, Human ecology--North America.
publication date
:
2000
lcc
:
E98.B54B56 2000eb
ddc
:
304.2/089/97
subject
:
Indians of North America--Ethnobiology, Indians of Mexico--Ethnobiology, Biological diversity--North America, Human ecology--North America.
Page iii
Biodiversity and Native America
Edited by Paul E. Minnis and Wayne J. Elisens
Page iv
Published with the assistance of the National Endowment for the Humanities, a federal agency which supports the study of such fields as history, philosophy, literature, and language.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Biodiversity and Native America / edited by Paul E. Minnis and Wayne J. Elisens. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8061-3232-9 (hc) 1. Indians of North AmericaEthnobotany. 2. Indians of Mexico Ethnobiology. 3. Biological diversityNorth America. 4. Human ecologyNorth America. I. Minnis, Paul E. II. Elisens, Wayne J., 1948 B98.B54 B56 2000 304.2'089'97dc21 99-055136 CIP The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc.
Copyright 2000 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing Division of the University. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the U.S.A.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Page v
In memory of LEAH R. HYMAN and in honor of KENNETH J. ACKERMAN
Page vii
CONTENTS
List of Illustrations
ix
Introduction
Paul E. Minnis and Wayne J. Elisens
3
Issues and Overviews
1. Native American Management and Conservation of Biodiversity in the Sonoran Desert Bioregion: An Ethnoecological. Perspective
Gary Paul Nabhan
29
2. Relationships between Mexican Ethnobotanical Diversity and Indigenous Peoples
Robert Bye and Edelmira Linares
44
3. Ethnopharmacology and the Search for New Therapeutics
Walter H. Lewis
74
Page viii
Ethnographic Case Studies
4. "We Live by Them": Native Knowledge of Biodiversity in the Great Basin of Western North America
Catherine S. Fowler
99
5. "Just Like a Garden": Traditional Resource Management and Biodiversity Conservation on the Interior Plateau of British Columbia
Sandra L. Peacock and Nancy J. Turner
133
6. Iwgara: A Rarmuri Cognitive Model of Biodiversity and Its Effects on Land Management
Enrique Salmn
180
Prehistory and Biodiversity
7. Human Disturbance and Biodiversity: A Case Study from Northern New Mexico
Richard I. Ford
207
8. Levels of Native Biodiversity in Eastern North America
Gayle J. Fritz
223
9. Ethnohistory of Aboriginal Landscapes in the Southeastern United States
Julia E. Hammett
248
List of Contributors
301
Index
303
Page ix
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figures
3.1. Achual Head of Household of the Jvaro Linguistic Family
77
3.2. Collaborative Agreements Between Parties of the International Cooperative Biodiversity Group-Peru Program
81
3.3. Podophyllum Peltatum (May Apple) Near St. Louis in May
84
3.4. Chemical Structures of Podophyllotoxin, Etoposide, Taxol, and Emodin
87
3.5. Flowering Branches of Rhamnus Purshiana (Cascara Sagrada), Victoria, B.C.
89
4.1. Collecting Prince's Plume (Stanleya Elata) in Death Valley, California
117
4.2. Mrs. Wuzzie George Winnowing Pine Nuts (Pinus Monophylla) in the Sweetwater Range, Nevada
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