Aaron Leetch - Avoiding Common Errors in Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Associate Editors

Maybelle Kou

Landon Jones

Andrea Fang

Keith Borg

Michael H. Greenwald

Christopher S. Amato

Madeline M. Joseph

James C. ONeill

Matthew Neal

Jean Klig

Chad Scarboro

Jessica Wall

Jenny Mendelson

Lucas Friedman

Whitney Minnock

Debra S. Rusk

Anna McFarlin

Jennifer E. Guyther

Marla C. Levine

Dina Wallin

Sheryl Yanger E.

Julia N. Magana

Anupam B. Kharbanda

Mark S. Mannenbach

Emily Rose

Paul Ishimine

Dale P. Woolridge , MD, PhD

Professor of Emergency Medicine, Pediatrics, Chemistry and Biochemistry
Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics
University of Arizona, College of Medicine
Tucson, Arizona

Section Editors

Sean M. Fox , MD

Professor of Emergency Medicine
Professor of Pediatrics
Program Director, Emergency Medicine Residency Program
Department of Emergency Medicine
Carolinas Medical Center
Charlotte, North Carolina

James (Jim) Homme , MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine
Division of Pediatric Emergency MedicineDepartment of Emergency MedicineMayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science
Rochester, Minnesota

Aaron N. Leetch , MD

Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics
Program Director, Combined Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Residency
Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics
University of Arizona, College of Medicine
Tucson, Arizona

Timothy K. RUTTAN, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School
Department of Pediatrics
Dell Childrens Medical Center of Central Texas
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Austin, Texas

Executive Editor: Sharon Zinner

Senior Development Editor: Ashley Fischer

Editorial Coordinator: Blair Jackson

Production Project Manager: Bridgett Dougherty

Design Coordinator: Stephen Druding

Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh

Prepress Vendor: SPi Global

Copyright 2021 Wolters Kluwer

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ISBN: 978-1-9751-3833-2

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Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturers package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work.

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To Kirsten my wife, my best friend, and the MVP of the Homme household. Without you, nothing productive would ever happen.

To my children Jack, Katie, Natalie, Sarah, and Megan you inspire me to be more than I am.

To George Lucas, J. R. R. Tolkien, and Walt Disney for a lifetime of imagination and wonder.

Most importantlyJesus Christfor saving what was lost (Luke 19:10).

James (Jim) Homme, MD

This book is dedicated to Sarah for her support and partnership as well as to my children, Isaac and Claire, for reminding me of what matters most and for always being ready with love and hugs. A special thanks to the patients, students, residents, fellows, and faculty with whom I have had the honor to work, teach, and learn alongside as we all strive to serve others in the emergency department and make the world a little better each day.

Timothy K. Ruttan, MD

Maneesha Agarwal , MD, FAAP, FACEP

Assistant Professor
Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics
Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia

Mahsa Akhavan , MD

Associate Director, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship
Attending Physician, Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Morristown Medical Center, Goryeb Childrens Hospital
Morristown, New Jersey

Sabreen Akhter , DO, DTM

Associate Professor
Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
University of Washington School of Medicine/Seattle Childrens Hospital
Seattle, Washington

Christopher S. Amato , MD, FAAP, FACEP

Associate Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine & Pediatrics
Sidney Kimmel Medical College
Director Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship
Goryeb Childrens Hospital/Morristown Medical Center
Pediatric Medical Director
Atlantic Ambulance Company
Morristown, New Jersey

Minal Amin , MD, FAAEM

Interim Program Director
Altieri Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship
Department of Emergency Medicine
Inova Fairfax Hospital/Inova Childrens Hospital
Falls Church, Virginia

Nicky Amin , MD

Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow
Department of Emergency Medicine
Goryeb Childrens Hospital
Morristown, New Jersey

Andrea P. Anderson , MD

Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow
Division of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics
University of Washington School of Medicine/Seattle Childrens Hospital
Seattle, Washington

Jana L. Anderson, MD

Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics
Department of Emergency Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Joseph Arms, MD