Cleveland P. Hickman Jr. Emeritus - ISE Integrated Principles of Zoology (ISE HED BOTANY, ZOOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION)

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Cleveland P. Hickman, Jr.

PROFESSOR EMERITUS

WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY

Susan L. Keen

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIADAVIS

David J. Eisenhour

MOREHEAD STATE UNIVERSITY

Allan Larson

WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Helen IAnson

WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY

Original Artwork by

WILLIAM C. OBER, M.D.

WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY

and

CLAIRE W. OBER, B.A.

WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY

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INTEGRATED PRINCIPLES OF ZOOLOGY

Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright 2020 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions 2017, 2014, and 2011. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.

Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States.

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 21 20 19

ISBN 978-1-260-56597-3

MHID 1-260-56597-1

Cover Image: Shutterstock/idreamphoto

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PART ONE

PART TWO

PART THREE

PART FOUR

PART FIVE

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PART ONE

CHAPTER 1

1. 1.1
2. 1.2
3. 1.3
4. 1.4

CHAPTER 2

1. 2.1
2. 2.2
3. 2.3
4. 2.4
5. 2.5

CHAPTER 3

1. 3.1
2. 3.2
3. 3.3

CHAPTER 4

1. 4.1
2. 4.2
3. 4.3
4. 4.4
5. 4.5
6. 4.6
7. 4.7

PART TWO

CHAPTER 5

1. 5.1
2. 5.2
3. 5.3
4. 5.4
5. 5.5
6. 5.6
7. 5.7

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CHAPTER 6

1. 6.1
2. 6.2
3. 6.3
4. 6.4
5. 6.5

CHAPTER 7

1. 7.1
2. 7.2
3. 7.3
4. 7.4
5. 7.5

CHAPTER 8

1. 8.1
2. 8.2
3. 8.3
4. 8.4
5. 8.5
6. 8.6
7. 8.7
8. 8.8
9. 8.9
10. 8.10

PART THREE

CHAPTER 9

1. 9.1
2. 9.2
3. 9.3
4. 9.4

CHAPTER 10

1. 10.1
2. 10.2
3. 10.3
4. 10.4
5. 10.5
6. 10.6

CHAPTER 11

1. 11.1
2. 11.2
3. 11.3
4. 11.4

CHAPTER 12

1. 12.1
2. 12.2
3. 12.3

CHAPTER 13

1. 13.1
2. 13.2
3. 13.3

CHAPTER 14

1. 14.1
2. 14.2
3. 14.3
4. 14.4
5. 14.5
6. 14.6
7. 14.7
8. 14.8
9. 14.9
10. 14.10
11. 14.11

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CHAPTER 15

1. 15.1
2. 15.2
3. 15.3
4. 15.4
5. 15.5
6. 15.6
7. 15.7
8. 15.8
9. 15.9
10. 15.10

CHAPTER 16

1. 16.1
2. 16.2
3. 16.3
4. 16.4

CHAPTER 17

1. 17.1
2. 17.2
3. 17.3
4. 17.4
5. 17.5
6. 17.6

CHAPTER 18

1. 18.1
2. 18.2
3. 18.3
4. 18.4
5. 18.5
6. 18.6
7. 18.7
8. 18.8
9. 18.9

CHAPTER 19

1. 19.1
2. 19.2
3. 19.3
4. 19.4
5. 19.5

CHAPTER 20

1. 20.1
2. 20.2
3. 20.3

CHAPTER 21

1. 21.1
2. 21.2
3. 21.3
4. 21.4
5. 21.5
6. 21.6
7. 21.7

CHAPTER 22

1. 22.1
2. 22.2
3. 22.3
4. 22.4
5. 22.5
6. 22.6
7. 22.7

CHAPTER 23

1. 23.1
2. 23.2
3. 23.3
4. 23.4
5. 23.5

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CHAPTER 24

1. 24.1
2. 24.2
3. 24.3
4. 24.4
5. 24.5

CHAPTER 25

1. 25.1
2. 25.2
3. 25.3
4. 25.4
5. 25.5

CHAPTER 26

1. 26.1
2. 26.2

CHAPTER 27

1. 27.1
2. 27.2
3. 27.3
4. 27.4
5. 27.5
6. 27.6

CHAPTER 28

1. 28.1
2. 28.2
3. 28.3
4. 28.4

PART FOUR

CHAPTER 29

1. 29.1
2. 29.2
3. 29.3