Koji Nagata - Simplified Quantum Computing with Applications

Simplified Quantum Computing with Applications

Koji Nagata

Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. E-mail: ko_mi_na@yahoo.co.jp

Do Ngoc Diep

TIMAS, Thang Long University, Nghiem Xuan Yem Road, Hoang Mai District, Hanoi, Vietnam

and

Institute of Mathematics, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam. E-mail: dndiep@math.ac.vn

Ahmed Farouk

Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, South Valley University, Hurghada, Egypt. E-mail: ahmed.farouk@sci.svu.edu.eg

Tadao Nakamura

Department of Information and Computer Science, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan. E-mail: nakamura@pipelining.jp

IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK

IOP Publishing Ltd 2022

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Koji Nagata, Do Ngoc Diep, Ahmed Farouk and Tadao Nakamura have asserted their right to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

ISBN 978-0-7503-3135-7 (ebook)

ISBN 978-0-7503-3133-3 (print)

ISBN 978-0-7503-3136-4 (myPrint)

ISBN 978-0-7503-3134-0 (mobi)

DOI 10.1088/978-0-7503-3135-7

DOI 10.1088/978-0-7503-4700-6

Version: 20220701

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Published by IOP Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of Physics, London

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IOP Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications

About the Editor

F J Duarte is a laser physicist based in Western New York, USA. His career has expanded three continents while contributing in the academic, industrial and defense sectors. Duarte is editor/author of 15 laser optics books and sole author of three books: Tunable Laser Optics, Quantum Optics for Engineers, and Fundamentals of Quantum Entanglement. Duarte has made original contributions in the fields of coherent imaging, directed energy, high-power tunable lasers, laser metrology, liquid and solid-state organic gain media, narrow-linewidth tunable laser oscillators, organic semiconductor coherent emission, N-slit quantum interferometry, polarization rotation, quantum entanglement, and space-to-space secure interferometric communications. He is also the author of the generalized multiple-prism grating dispersion theory and pioneered the use of Diracs quantum notation in N-slit interferometry and classical optics. His contributions have found applications in numerous fields, including astronomical instrumentation, dispersive optics, femtosecond laser microscopy, geodesics, gravitational lensing, heat transfer, laser isotope separation, laser medicine, laser pulse compression, laser spectroscopy, mathematical transforms, nonlinear optics, polarization optics, and tunable diode laser design. Duarte was elected Fellow of the Australian Institute of Physics in 1987 and Fellow of the Optical Society of America in 1993. He has received various recognitions, including the Paul F Foreman Engineering Excellence Award and the David Richardson Medal from the Optical Society.

Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications

Since its discovery, the laser, has found innumerable applications from astronomy to zoology. Subsequently, we have also become familiar with additional sources of coherent radiation such as the free electron laser, optical parametric oscillators, and coherent interferometric emitters. The aim of this book Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications is to explore and explain the physics and technology of widely applied sources of coherent radiation and to match them with utilitarian and cutting-edge scientific applications. Coherent sources of interest are those that offer advantages in particular emission characteristics areas such as broad tunability, high spectral coherence, high energy, or high power. An additional area of inclusion are those coherent sources capable of high performance in the miniaturized realm. Understanding of quantum fundamentals can lead to new and better coherent sources and unimagined scientific and technological applications. Application areas of interest include the industrial, commercial, and medical sectors. Also, particular attention is given to scientific applications with a bright future such as coherent spectroscopy, astronomy, biophotonics, space communications, space interferometry, quantum entanglement, and quantum interference.

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Until recently quantum computing was not always confined to being very true itself in terms of the technology of quantum applied computers as quantum-gated computers. Of course, the other technological quantum-oriented annealing style computers have been productive and businesslike machines. However, very true quantum computers are not such annealers but quantum-gated computers in terms of the notion of computing.

This book focuses on the fundamental concepts of quantum-gated computing from the beginning: the Deutsch function evaluation algorithm, the DeutschJozsa algorithm, the Grovers search algorithm, the BernsteinVazirani algorithm for identifying linear functions, the Simon period finding algorithm, the Simon hidden subgroup algorithm and the Shor prime factoring algorithm. With computation in mind, this book takes a close look at the extraordinary connection between the Boolean algebra and quantum-gated computing as well as the new applications in a simplified manner. Our sincere objective is to build up quantum-gated computers operated by existing software/programs for electronic computers. Therefore, before doing this we study all the fundamental concepts on quantum-gated computers.

We would like to thank all our colleagues, especially Soliman Abdalla, Jaewook Ahn, Josep Batle, Mark Behzad Doost, Han Geurdes, Preston Guynn, Shahrokh Heidari, Wenliang Jin, Hamed Daei Kasmaei, Janusz Milek, Mosayeb Naseri, Santanu Kumar Patro, Germano Resconi, and Renata Wong for their valuable support at our original paper publication level. On the other hand, we cannot forget all the efforts of those who helped us in the preparation for publishing this book. In particular, Senior Commissioning Editor Ashley Gasque, Ebooks Editorial Assistants Claire Roy and Robert Trevelyan, and Accounts Payable Assistant Sam Needs deserve our sincere thanks for their complicated paperwork toward the great hard work in publishing the book.