Table of Contents
Guide
Published in the United States of America by Cherry Lake Publishing
Ann Arbor, Michigan
www.cherrylakepublishing.com
Reading Adviser: Marla Conn, MS, Ed, Literacy Specialist, Read-Ability, Inc.
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Copyright 2019 by Cherry Lake Publishing
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Printed in the United States of America
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
Many people enjoy riding a roller coaster. But not many
know how much planning and scientific understanding
go into designing and building one. Figuring out different
scientific aspects helps designers create these thrilling rides.
You can become one of these designers in the game of
Minecraft . Lets find out how!
Think about recreating your favorite roller coaster in Minecraft .
CHAPTER ONE
Geology: Rocks and
Roller Coasters
Where could you build your roller coaster? Would you look
for a spot with scenic views, maybe beside a lake or a majestic
mountain? Designers have to consider not only the area around
their building site, but also the ground on which the roller coaster
will be built. The materials you may choose to build onand
build withwill affect the stability of your roller coaster.
It is important to build structures on sturdy surfaces. For
example, a roller coaster built on sand without a solid
foundation would sink quickly. Designers must rely on geology
to determine what structures would work best with the type of
ground theyre working with. Designers consult geologists, or
scientists who study what the earth is made up of, if they plan to
use rocks to build their structures. Some popular rocks for
building are marble and granite.
Geologists classify rocks based on how they were made.
There are three different types: sedimentary , igneous , and
Would you build a roller coaster in the middle of the ocean?
Why or why not?
To keep a free-falling minecart moving on the roller coaster, it needs to land
on a slant.
metamorphic rocks. Sedimentary rocks are formed from
fragments of shells, pebbles, sand, and other small particles.
Igneous rocks are formed when magma and lava cool and
harden. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks
under the earth experience intense pressure and heat. Bedrock
is made up of all three of these rocks.
All these rocks are used in Minecraft . Sedimentary rocks are
represented by sandstone, coal, and flint blocks. Igneous rocks
are represented by obsidian, diorite, and andesite blocks.
Metamorphic rocks are represented by granite blocks. (However,
most scientists classify granite as an igneous rock in the real
world.) Bedrock in Minecraft represents itself and is the
strongest of the Minecraft blocks.
One of the first roller coasters in the United States was originally a coal
mining railroad in Pennsylvania!
Some roller coasters are built in the middle of a forest!
When you dig in Minecraft , you may notice that most blocks
you encounter are plain stone. These stone blocks represent
some of the sedimentary rocks that are most prevalent on earth.
When you mine for materials in the game, you will notice that
some materials do not appear above certain depths. For
example, diamond ore only appears below level 16.
In real life, diamond miners also look for veins of diamonds
and other precious metals like gold. Often diamonds, gold, and
iron are found inside other rocks. This is called ore. In order to
extract those precious metals from the ore, it must be smelted.
Smelting occurs when you melt the outer rock without melting
the inner rock or metal. This happens because certain rocks and
metals melt at different temperatures.
As you search your Minecraft world for a perfect place to
build your roller coaster, and for materials to build it, think like
a scientist. Keep these ideas about geology in mind.
In the game of Minecraft , you might build with obsidian,
the strongest block in the game (aside from bedrock). It can
withstand a blast from an explosive in Minecraft , but in real
life this rock cracks easily. Many early societies, particularly
in the Americas, used obsidian rock to make tools because it
broke into sharp pieces easily.
CHAPTER TWO
Physics: Twists
and Turns
Once you have determined where to place your roller coaster
and what to build it with, you need to design the structure itself.
Designers rely on another field of science for this: physics.
Physics is from a Greek word that means the understanding of
nature. Have you ever been on a roller coaster? If so, you have
felt physics in the twists, turns, and loop-de-loops of the ride.
When building a roller coaster, designers create these exciting
experiences by thinking about concepts like acceleration ,
gravity, and velocity .
Challenge: Think about building gaps in your roller coaster.
The track that the minecart is traveling on should be higher
than the track that the minecart lands on. How far apart can
the two sets of rails be without having the minecart fall into
the gap?
Use different combinations of powered and unpowered rails to speed up or
slow down your cart!
You can try building your roller coaster on the side of a cliff.
How can you build an exciting roller coaster in Minecraft ?
Scientists have formulas that calculate the rate of acceleration,
speed, and force, which keep the ride fun as well as safe. In
Minecraft , designing the ups and downs is most of the fun. You
can even keep the ride moving by using powered rails.
Gravity can help make your roller coaster thrilling. If you
have played Minecraft , you are familiar with gravity. (Have you
ever fallen off the side of a mountain?) You may also be aware
that some blocks obey the laws of gravity and some do not. Sand
and gravel blocks are the only objects in Minecraft that obey the
laws of gravity. They fall to the ground if there isnt another
block beneath them. You may have seen a set of blocks floating
in the distance as you traveled across a Minecraft world. While
you cannot place blocks simply anywhere in the air, you can
build blocks up from the ground and then remove a few blocks
below without gravity affecting your work (unless it is made of
sand or gravel). Gravity can add some exciting elements to your