20001600 | Middle Bronze Age |
16001100 | Late Bronze Age (or Mycenaean Age) |
1200 | Downfall of Bronze Age kingdom of Lacedaemon |
1000 | Dorians settle Sparta and Laconia |
| Town of Sparta expands to include Amyclae |
| Olympic Games founded (trad.) |
| Spartans invade Messenia: First Messenian War |
| Accession of Theopompus |
| Sparta founds Tarentum (Greek Taras, modern Taranto) |
| First temple of Orthia, Menelaion sanctuary laid out, accession of Polydorus |
| Accession of King Pheidon of Argos |
| Carneia founded (trad.) |
| Death of Theopompus |
| Messenian Helots revolt: Second Messenian War begins, floruit of Tyrtaeus |
| Battle of Hysiae (trad.) |
| Death of Polydorus |
| The reforms attributed to Lycurgus |
| Accession of King Croesus of Lydia |
| Chilon Ephor (trad.) |
| Sparta allies with Tegea, Gitiadas adorns Brazen House of Athena, throne of Apollo-Hyacinthus at Amyclae by Bathycles |
| Cyrus II the Great founds Persian Empire |
| Fall of Sardis and kingdom of Croesus to Persia |
| Battle of the Champions (in Thyreatis) |
| Sparta ousts Polycrates tyrant of Samos |
| Accession of Cleomenes I |
| Cleomenes in Boeotia |
| Accession of Demaratus, embassy of Maeandrius of Samos |
| Failed expedition of Anchimol(i)us to Athens |
| Cleomenes ousts Hippias, tyrant of Athens |
| Second intervention of Cleomenes in Athens |
| Reforms of Cleisthenes found Athenian democracy |
| Sparta and Peloponnesian League allies invade Attica |
| Embassy of Aristagoras of Miletus, beginning of Ionian Revolt |
| Battle of Sepeia, end of Ionian Revolt |
| Demaratus deposed, accession of Leotychidas II |
| Battle of Marathon |
| Death of Cleomenes, accession of Leonidas I |
| Battle of Thermopylae |
| Battle of Plataea |
EARLY 470 S | Persian Stoa at Sparta |
| Sparta recalls Pausanias the Regent, withdraws from anti-Persian alliance, Athens founds anti-Persian Delian League |
| Exile of Leotychidas II |
| Deaths of Pausanias the regent and Leotychidas II, accession of Archidamus II |
| Great Earthquake at Sparta |
464460? | Helot Revolt (Third Messenian War) |
| Pericles comes to prominence at Athens |
| Battle of Tanagra |
| Thirty Years Peace with Athenian alliance |
| Peloponnesian War begins |
| Death of Archidamus II, accession of Agis II |
| Surrender at Sphacteria |
| Peace of Nicias |
| Battle of (First) Mantinea |
| Occupation of Decelea |
| Alliance with Persia |
| Accession of Pausanias |
| Sparta wins Peloponnesian War |
| Raising of Ten Thousand force of Greek mercenaries to support Cyrus the Younger, the Persian pretender |
| Accession of Agesilaus II |
| Remnant of Ten Thousand absorbed into Spartas anti-Persian forces in Asia |
| Deposition and exile of Pausanias, accession of Agesipolis I, Corinthian War begins |
| Kings Peace/Peace of Antalcidas ends Corinthian War |
| Spartan occupation of Thebes |
| Death of Agesipolis I, accession of Cleombrotus I |
379/8 | Liberation of Thebes |
| Foundation of Second Athenian League, foundation of (second) Boiotian confederacy, creation of Theban Sacred Band |
| Battle of Leuctra, death of Cleombrotus I |
370/69 | Invasion of Laconia by Epaminondas, liberation of Messenian Helots, foundation of Messene |
| Foundation of Megalopolis |
| Defection of most of Peloponnesian League allies |
| Battle of (Second) Mantinea, death of Epaminondas |
| Death of Agesilaus II, accession of Archidamus III |
| Death of Archidamus III |
| Battle of Mice, death of Agis III |
| Death of Cleomenes II; accession of Areus I |
| Archidamus IV defeated at Mantinea by Demetrius Poliorcetes |
| Accession of Leonidas II |
| Accession of Agis IV; attempted social and economic reforms |
| Death of Agis IV |
| Accession of Cleomenes III |
| Cleomenes carries out political, social, economic and military reforms |
| Accession of Agiad Euclidas, brother of Cleomenes III, to Eurypontid throne ends traditional dual kingship |
| Battle of Sellasia; Sparta occupied for the first time ever, by Antigonus III Doson of Macedon |
| Death of Cleomenes III at Alexandria |
| Defeat at Mantinea, 4000 Spartans killed; Nabis assumes power |
| Imposition of settlement by Rome; Sparta deprived of remaining Laconian Perioeci |
| Death of Nabis; Sparta under Achaean League domination |
| Philopoemen again intervenes at Sparta |
| Romans defeat Achaean League and establish protectorate in Greece; destruction of Corinth |
| Cicero visits Sparta |
| Deaths of 2000 Spartans at battle of Philippi |
| Livia (future wife of Augustus) given asylum at Sparta |
| Sparta sides with Octavian (later Augustus) against Antony |
| Augustus becomes de facto first Roman Emperor |
| Augustus visits Sparta, hosted by local dynast C. Julius Eurycles |