Henry Highland Garnet - Let the Monster Perish: The Historic Address to Congress of Henry Highland Garnet

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L ET THE M ONSTER P ERISH

LET THE
MONSTER PERISH

The Historic Address to
Congress of Henry Highland Garnet

H ENRY H IGHLAND G ARNET

2020 Westminster John Knox Press

First edition

Published by Westminster John Knox Press
Louisville, Kentucky

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 2910 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Westminster John Knox Press, 100 Witherspoon Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40202-1396. Or contact us online at www.wjkbooks.com.

Book design by Erika Lundbom-Krift

Cover design by Allison Taylor

Cover art: Engraving of Henry Highland Garnet used courtesy of the Presbyterian Historical Society, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) (Philadelphia, PA).

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Garnet, Henry Highland, 1815-1882, author.

Title: Let the monster perish : the historic address to Congress of Henry Highland Garnet / Henry Highland Garnet.

Other titles: Let the monster perish | Historic address to Congress of Henry Highland Garnet

Description: First edition. | Louisville, Kentucky : Westminster John Knox Press, [2020] | Publication of the address A Memorial Discourse, which Garnet delivered to the U.S. Congress on February 12, 1865--Publishers note. | Includes bibliographical references. | Summary: In 1865 Presbyterian pastor and abolitionist Henry Highland Garnet was the first African American to speak before the U.S. Congress. Garnets speech, titled Let the Monster Perish, celebrated the end of slavery and pleaded with humanity to never let it rise again. His address is reproduced here along with a time line of his life-- Provided by publisher.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020016808 (print) | LCCN 2020016809 (ebook) | ISBN 9780664266295 (paperback) | ISBN 9781646980024 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Slavery--United States--Speeches in Congress. | Slaves--Emancipation--United States.

Classification: LCC E453 .G2348 2020 (print) | LCC E453 (ebook) | DDC 973.7/114092 [B]--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020016808

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020016809

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CONTENTS

T HE 223 RD G ENERAL A SSEMBLY OF THE P RESBYTERIAN Church (U.S.A.) in 2018 approved an overture to recognize the Rev. Henry Highland Garnet, an abolitionist, educator, and Presbyterian pastor who had escaped slavery as a child. The overture recognized Garnets prophetic witness, encouraged Presbyterians to study his life and Presbyterian seminaries to include the study of Garnets legacy in their curricula, and authorized this publication of the address A Memorial Discourse, which Garnet delivered to the U.S. Congress on February 12, 1865, making him the first African American to address Congress. The address later came to be known as Let the Monster Perish, based on a refrain from the sermon.

The overture concludes, Having ordained Garnet, still a fugitive slave, as an elder and then a pastor in the Presbytery of Troy, the PC(USA) has a responsibility to history and to the Creator to witness his prophetic voice and to let his words speak not only for those in bondage but for the spirit of unity and moral righteousness displayed by the American people in 1865 with the passage of the 13th Amendment. Garnet tells us today that the tough issues can be addressed, that right can prevail and that justice only awaits our courage to speak as God would have us to do.

This publication includes the text of his speech, now in the public domain, as well as a time line of his life. Punctuation and spelling are reproduced as they were in the original publication.

1815	Born on December 23 as an enslaved person in Chesterville, Kent County, Maryland.
1824	Escaped with his family to New York City.
182628	Attended the African Free School in New York City.
182831	Worked on ships as a cook and steward during several sea voyages to Cuba and along the U.S. coast.
1831	Began high school in New York City.
1835	Began religious studies at the Noyes Academy in Canaan, New Hampshire.
183640	Studied at the Oneida Institute in Whitesboro, New York, graduating in September 1840.
1841	Had one leg amputated below the knee due to a sports injury suffered two years earlier.
1841	Married fellow abolitionist Julia Ward Williams. They had three children together, only one of whom survived to adulthood: Mary Garnet Barboza.
184048	Served as the first pastor of Liberty Street Presbyterian Church in Troy, New York.
1843	Gave one of his most famous speeches, An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America, at the National Negro Convention in Buffalo, New York. The central theme of the speech of encouraging slaves to rebel against their owners was opposed by Frederick Douglass and rejected by the Convention by a single vote.
185052	Lived in England from where he spoke widely against slavery in the United Kingdom and Europe.
1852	Began serving as a missionary in Jamaica.
185764	Served as a pastor at Shiloh Presbyterian Church in New York City (now St. James Presbyterian Church).
1863	During the three-day draft riots in New York City in July, a white mob sought to attack Garnet, but he and his family escaped.
186466	Served as pastor of Fifteenth Street Presbyterian Church in Washington, D.C.
1865	On February 12, Garnet became the first African American to give an address, A Memorial Discourse (Let the Monster Perish), in the U.S. House of Representatives.
186869	Served as president of Avery College in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. While there, helped organize what became Grace Memorial Presbyterian Church.
1869	Returned to Shiloh Presbyterian Church as pastor.
1872	Helped organize the Cuban Anti-Slavery Committee to fight slaverys continued existence in Spanish-ruled Cuba.
1879	After the death of his first wife, he married Sarah Smith Tompkins, a teacher, school principal, and suffragist.
1881	Appointed United States Minister and Counsel General to Liberia by President James Garfield.

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