Shu Chao Hu - The Development Of The Chinese Collection In The Library Of Congress

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The Development of the Chinese Collection in the Library of Congress

Westview Replica Editions

This book is a Westview Replica Edition. The concept of Replica Editions is a response to the crisis in academic and informational publishing. Library budgets for books have been severely curtailed; economic pressures on the university presses and the few private publishing companies primarily interested in scholarly manuscripts have severely limited the capacity of the industry to properly serve the academic and research communities. Many manuscripts dealing with important subjects, often representing the highest level of scholarship, are today not economically viable publishing projects. Or, if they are accepted for publication, they are often subject to lead times ranging from one to three years. Scholars are understandably frustrated when they realize that their first-class research cannot be published within a reasonable time frame, if at all.

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The Development of the Chinese Collection in the Library of Congress

Shu Chao Hu

This is the first comprehensive and in-depth study of the Chinese collection in the Library of Congress, the largest collection of its kind in the Western world. Started in 1869 with some 950 books received in the first exhange of publications between the United States and China, the collection has grown so steadily that in 1977 it numbered more than 430,000 volumes, including 2,000 rare Chinese items, some of which were printed in A.D. 975.

In this primarily historical study, Professor Hu examines the social, cultural, and political forces that led to the development and growth of the collection, the acquisitions policies followed, and the sources of personal and financial support found within and outside the Library of Congress. He also explores the methods by which the library has built up several strong areas in the collection, particularly those of Chinese gazetteers, or local histories; tsung-shu, or collections of reprints; and rare works.

Shu Chao Hu is associate professor of library science at Saint Francis College of Pennsylvania. He has published widely in China, and his many works include American Presidents: Their Life and Times and American Politics: A Collection of Essays.

First published 1979 by Westview Press

Published 2019 by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1979 Taylor & Francis

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 79-1741

ISBN 13: 978-0-367-29125-9 (hbk)

To

My wife, Tsu Shan

Contents

1. ii
2. iii

Guide

ARLC	Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress
AROD	Annual Report of the Orientalia Division
LCCSD	Library of Congress Central Services Division
LCEGD	Library of Congress Exchange and Gift Division
LCIB	Library of Congress Information Bulletin
LCMD	Library of Congress Manuscript Division
LCOD	Library of Congress Order Division
LCQJCA	Library of Congress Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions
QJLC	Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress (Continued from the LCQJCA since 1964)

This book was conceived in 1966, when I was working in the East Asian Library of Columbia University, where I took notice of the lack of a comprehensive study of the Chinese collection in the Library of Congress, the largest of its kind in the Western world. Although the subject continues to draw my attention throughout the years, serious research was begun in 1974, when I selected it as the topic of my dissertation. Nearly five years were spent in bringing the study to its present shape. While so many have contributed to the pages of this book, the following deserve my special acknowledgment.

I am indebted to professors John N. DePew, Harold Goldstein, Ronald Blazek, and Emanuel I. Shargel, members of my dissertation committee at the School of Library Science, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, whose wise guidance and devotion to scholarship brought the undertaking to an early completion.

My appreciation goes to the staff of the Library of Congress, where I received generous assistance from John Charles Finzi, Assistant Director of the Reference Department; Susan B. Aramayo, International Relations Officer; Robert C. Sullivan, Jennifer V. Magnus, and Peter Lu of the Order Division; Warren M. Tsuneishi, Chi Wang, and P. K. Tseng of the Orientalia Division; Harold R. Hooper and Robecca B. Tisdale of the Central Services Division; Carolyn Hoover Sung of the Manuscript Division; and Susan Sayre of the Exchange and Gift Division.

Special thanks are due to Edwin G. Beal, Jr., Honorary Consultant on East Asian Bibliography, Library of Congress; E. J. Gergely, retired Dean of Saint Francis College of Pennsylvania; and Janet F. Beal, who read the complete manuscript and made many valuable suggestions.

My debt is owed to P. K. Yu and Ping-feng Chi of the Center for Chinese Research Materials, Association of Research Libraries; Tsuen-hsuin Tsien of the University of Chicago; Eugene Wu of Harvard University; Thomas Kuo of the University of Pittsburgh; and the Reverend Francis X. Clougherty, who offered timely assistance in one way or another.

Finally, I warmly thank my wife, Tsu Shan, whose unconditional support, enthusiastic encouragement, and quiet confidence made this work possible.

S. C. H.

January 1, 1979

Chapter I
Introduction

It may be a surprise to the Western world to know that five-sixths of the worlds population today do not read, speak, or understand English, French, and Germanthe three Western languages of international scholarship. Of every ten people in the world, only one makes regular use of English. Noting that the non-Western civilizations have made great contributions to mankind, a report of the Commission on International Understanding of the Association of American Colleges has this to say:

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