Jay R. Lieberman - AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review 3

Board of Directors, 2019-2020

Kristy L. Weber, MD

President

Joseph A. Bosco, III, MD

1st Vice President

Daniel K. Guy, MD

2nd Vice President

Alan S. Hilibrand, MD, MBA

Treasurer

David A. Halsey, MD

Past President

Robert M. Orfaly, MD

Chair BOC

Thomas S. Muzzonigro, MD

Chair-Elect BOC

Wayne A. Johnson, MD

Secretary BOC

Dirk H. Alander, MD, MHA

Chair BOS

C. Craig Satterlee, MD

Chair-Elect BOS

Kevin D. Plancher, MD, MPH, MS

Secretary BOS

James J. Balaschak

Lay Member

Rachel Y. Goldstein, MD, MPH

Member at Large

James R. Ficke, MD

Member at Large

Elizabeth G. Matzkin, MD

Member at Large

Thomas W. Throckmorton, MD

Member at Large

Thomas E. Arend, Jr, Esq., CAE

Ex-Officio

Staff

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Anna Salt Troise, MBA, Chief Education Strategist

Hans Koelsch, PhD, Director, Publishing Partner Relationships

Lisa Claxton Moore, Senior Manager, Editorial

Steven Kellert, Senior Editor

Wolters Kluwer Health

Brian Brown, Director, Medical Practice

Stacey Sebring, Senior Development Editor

Kerry McShane, Senior Editorial Coordinator

Jolene Carr, Editorial Coordinator

Erin Cantino, Marketing Manager

David Saltzberg, Senior Production Project Manager

Stephen Druding, Design Coordinator

Beth Welsh, Senior Manufacturing Coordinator

TNQ Technologies, Prepress Vendor

The material presented in the AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review, Third Edition has been made available by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons for educational purposes only. This material is not intended to present the only, or necessarily best, methods or procedures for the medical situations discussed, but rather is intended to represent an approach, view, statement, or opinion of the author(s) or producer(s), which may be helpful to others who face similar situations. Some drugs or medical devices demonstrated in Academy courses or described in Academy print or electronic publications have not been cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or have been cleared for specific uses only. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility of the physician to determine the FDA clearance status of each drug or device he or she wishes to use in clinical practice. Furthermore, any statements about commercial products are solely the opinion(s) of the author(s) and do not represent an Academy endorsement or evaluation of these products. These statements may not be used in advertising or for any commercial purpose.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.

ISBN 978-1-9751-2717-6

Library of Congress Control Number: Cataloging in Publication data available on request from publisher.

Printed in China

Published 2020 by the

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

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Rosemont, IL 60018

Copyright 2020 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons