MURRAY R. SPIEGEL received the MS degree in Physics and the PhD in Mathematics from Cornell University. He had positions at Harvard University, Columbia University, Oak Ridge, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and had served as mathematical consultant at several large companies. His last position was Professor and Chairman of Mathematics at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Hartford Graduate Center. He was interested in most branches of mathematics, especially those which involved applications to physics and engineering problems.
DR. ROBERT E. ROBERT E.
MOYER has been teaching mathematics and mathematics education at Southwest Minnesota State University in Marshall, Minnesota, since 2002. Before coming to SMSU, he taught at Fort Valley State University in Fort Valley, Georgia, from 1985 to 2000, serving as head of the Department of Mathematics and Physics from 19921994. Prior to teaching at the university level, Dr. Moyer spent seven years as the mathematics consultant for a five-county Regional Educational Service Agency in central Georgia and twelve years as a high school mathematics teacher in Illinois. He has developed and taught numerous inservice courses for mathematics teachers. He received his Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics Education from the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign) in 1974.
He received his Master of Science in 1967 and his Bachelor of Science in 1964, both in Mathematics Education from Southern Illinois University (Carbondale). Copyright 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-182585-6 MHID: 0-07-182585-1 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-182181-0, MHID: 0-07-182181-3. eBook conversion by codeMantra
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PREFACE
In the third edition, the comprehensiveness of the second edition is maintained so that all of the topics commonly taught in college algebra are contained in a single source. Recognizing that the use of logarithm tables and determinants is declining, the material on these two areas was reduced, with the two chapters on determinants in the second edition collapsed into a single chapter in the third edition. The material on solving problems using logarithms manually was retained for those who want to learn how to do these problems prior to using a calculator to solve them. Also, the proofs of the properties of determinants were retained to underscore the foundation of the properties used in evaluating determinants. The book is complete in itself and can be used equally well by those who are in a class studying college algebra for the first time as well as those who wish to review the fundamental principles and procedures of college algebra on their own.
Students who are studying advanced algebra in high school will be able to use the book as a source of additional examples, explanations, and problems. The thorough treatment of the topics of algebra allows an instructor to use the book as the textbook for a course, as a resource for material on a specific topic, or as a source for additional problems. Each chapter contains a summary of the necessary definitions and theorems followed by a set of solved problems. These solved problems include the proofs of theorems and the derivations of formulas. The chapters end with a set of supplementary problems and their answers. The choice of whether to use a calculator or not is left to the student.
A calculator is not required, but it can be used in conjunction with the book. There are no directions on how to use a graphing calculator to do the problems, but there are several instances of the general procedures to be used and the student needs to consult the manual for the calculator being used to see how to implement the procedures on that particular calculator. DR. ROBERT E. MOYER
Associate Professor of Mathematics
Southwest Minnesota State University
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
Fundamental Operations with Numbers
1.1 FOUR OPERATIONS
Four operations are fundamental in algebra, as in arithmetic. These are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
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