Ramdas Pai - Echocardiography Board Review: 500 Multiple Choice Questions With Discussion

This edition first published 2014 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Pai, Ramdas G., author.

Echocardiography board review : 500 multiple choice questions with discussion / Ramdas G. Pai,

Padmini Varadarajan. Second edition.

p. ; cm.

ISBN 978-1-118-51560-0 (paper)

I. Varadarajan, Padmini, author. II. Title.

[DNLM: 1. Echocardiography Examination Questions. WG 18.2]

RC683.5.U5

616.12075430076 dc23

2013047882

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

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1 2014

The Echocardiography Board Review is written for the primary purpose of helping candidates prepare for the National Board of Echocardiography and should be helpful to both cardiologists and anesthesiologists preparing for this certification process. At the time of its writing, there were no other published works available that comprehensively dealt with the material covered in these examinations in a question, answer, and discussion format. This second edition is thoroughly revised and 100 questions have been added. The authors have used this format in teaching echocardiography to cardiology fellows in training. One of the main impetuses for initiating this work was the request by many of the trainees and prospective echocardiography examination candidates to write such material. Similar requests have also come from echocardiography technicians preparing for their certification examination. There are 500 well-thought-out questions in this review book. The questions address practically all areas of echocardiography including applied ultrasound physics, practical hydrodynamics, imaging techniques, valvular heart disease, myocardial diseases, congenital heart disease, noninvasive hemodynamics, surgical echocardiography, etc. Each question is followed by several answers to choose from. The discussion addresses not only the rationale behind picking the right choice but also fills in information around the topic under discussion such that important key concepts are clearly driven. This would not only help in the preparation for the examinations but also give a clear understanding of various echocardiographic techniques, applications, and the disease processes they address.

This review would be helpful not only to the prospective examinees in echocardiography but also to all students of echocardiography in training, not only in cardiology and anesthesia training programs in this country but also internationally as well. This does not take the place of a standard textbook of echocardiography but complements the textbook reading by bringing out the salient concepts in a clear fashion. The questions on applied physics, quantitative Doppler, and images are of particular value. There are over 300 still images representing most of the key areas and these will improve the diagnostic abilities of the reviewer.

We feel this book will meet the need felt by students of echocardiography in not only preparing for examinations but also clearly enhancing the understanding of the subject in an easy-to-read manner. The authors are grateful to many of the trainees who expressed the need for such work and pressured us to write one.

1. 1. The speed of sound in tissues is:
   1. A. Roughly 1540 m/s
   2. B. Roughly 1540 km/s
   3. C. Roughly 1540 cm/s
   4. D. Roughly 1540 m/min
2. 2. The relationship between propagation speed, frequency, and wavelength is given by the formula:
   1. A. Propagation speed = frequency wavelength
   2. B. Propagation speed = wavelength/frequency
   3. C. Propagation speed = frequency/wavelength
   4. D. Propagation speed = wavelength period
3. 3. The frame rate increases with:
   1. A. Increasing the depth
   2. B. Reducing sector angle
   3. C. Increasing line density
   4. D. Adding color Doppler to B-mode imaging
4. 4. Period is a measure of:
   1. A. Duration of one wavelength
   2. B. Duration of half a wavelength