Benjamin W. Eidem - Pediatric Cardiology Board Review

E DITORS

Benjamin W. Eidem, MD, FACC, FASE

Professor of Pediatrics & Medicine
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Bryan C.Cannon, MD, FHRS

Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Anthony C. Chang, MD, MBA, MPH

Medical Director
Childrens Hospital Orange County Heart Institute
Division Chief
Childrens Specialists Cardiology
Childrens Hospital Orange County
Orange, California

Frank Cetta, MD, FACC, FASE

Professor of Pediatrics & Medicine
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

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2013 by Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
200 First Street SW
Rochester, MN 55905 USA

All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright.

Printed in China

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Pediatric cardiology board review / editors, Benjamin W. Eidem...[et al.].

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4511-8377-1 (alk. paper)

I. Eidem, Benjamin W.

[DNLM: 1. Heart Defects, CongenitalExamination Questions. 2. Heart Diseases
Examination Questions. 3. Adolescent. 4. Child. 5. Infant.
WS 18.2]
618.9212043076dc23

2012011776

Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner.

The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.

Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice.

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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Anjan S. Batra, MD

Medical Director of Electrophysiology
The Childrens Hospital of Orange County Childrens Heart Institute
Orange, California
Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics
Department of Pediatrics
School of Medicine at the University of California, Irvine
Irvine, California

Jessica L. Bowman, MD

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Allison K. Cabalka, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Consultant, Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota

Bryan C. Cannon, MD, FHRS

Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Frank Cetta, MD, FACC, FASE

Professor of Pediatrics & Medicine
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Anthony C. Chang, MD, MBA, MPH

Medical Director
Children's Hospital Orange County Heart Institute
Division Chief
Children's Specialists Cardiology
Children's Hospital Orange County
Orange, California

Benjamin W. Eidem, MD, FACC, FASE

Professor of Pediatrics & Medicine
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology & Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

M. Eric Ferguson, MD

Assistant Professor
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Emory University School of Medicine
Cardiologist
Sibley Heart Center Cardiology
Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta
Atlanta, Georgia

Donald J. Hagler, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine
Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota

Justin M. Horner, MD, MPH

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Jennifer A. Johnson, DO

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Jonathan N. Johnson, MD

Assistant Professor
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Daniel A. Mauriello, MD

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Beth A. Medford, MD

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Mark D. Norris, MD

Adult Congenital Cardiology Fellow
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Sabrina D. Phillips, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Chenni S. Sriram, MBBS, MD

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Nathaniel W. Taggart, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

If you want to build a ship, don't drum up the men to gather wood, divide the work and give orders. Instead, teach them to yearn for the vast and endless sea.

Antoine Saint-Exupry, French author of Le Petit Prince

Studying and reviewing for the board examination or the recertification in pediatric cardiology is often an arduous endeavor. This textbook is an academic dividend of the popular