To Virginia Garrard-Burnett who proposed this book and researched it. Sincere thanks.
Introduction
History can be horrible because history, like school, can be full of bullies
Youll be having a nice, peaceful life when along comes a bully and changes all that
Who do you feel sorry for? The victim, of course!
But history is never that simple. Sooner or later the bully will meet up with an even more scary bully usually one with better weapons
Who do you feel sorry for now?
And what does the bully do when s/hes bullied? Give in and become a slave? Or stand up to the new bully?
The Incas were a bit like that. They came along and bullied the people of Peru into handing over their wealth. Then along came the Spanish invaders (the conquistadors) and turned the Incas into slaves.
So who do you feel sorry for?
To be honest there are no easy answers. Thats why history is so horrible.
Of course school history books like questions with easy answers!
Question: When did the Spanish arrive in Peru?
Answer: 1532.
B-O-R-I-N-G!
But this is a horrible history and it will look at the questions that really matter. So trash that textbook and find out the terrible truth about the Incas
Timeline
Early Incan timeline
11,000 BC The first people settle in the area we now call Peru.
1250 BC Tribes of people begin to form in the Andes. Theyre called things like Chavin and Chimu, Nazca and Tiahuanaco.
AD For a couple of hundred years the people from the Huari region will boss the western Andes. With them comes the spread of mummy burial. (Thats corpses wrapped in cloth, not burying your mother.)
The Huari have gone (in a bit of a Huari) and the people split into tribes again. Most of these little states are no bigger than a single valley.
1105 Around this time the first Incan lord, Sinchi Roca, begins to rule his tribe, but his people are not very powerful yet.
1370 The Chimu people are the biggest bullying bosses in Peru. Theyre led by Nancen Pinco who lives in Chan Chan. It seems as if these Chimu built a new palace for each new ruler and kept the old palaces going after the rulers died.
1438 The little Incan tribe starts to grow quickly and that means trouble. Over the next fifty years the incredible Incas will conquer all the other tribes and rule them.
Incan Empire timeline
1100 The Incas start to spread out and conquer other people. Maybe a few years of dry weather left them low on food so they had to go out and pinch it.
1438 The Chanca people attack the Incas. Theyre defeated but the invasion starts the Incas fighting amongst themselves.
1492 Chris Columbus stumbles across America. Hell soon be followed by Spanish conquistadors wholl conquer the South American peoples. They havent reached the Incan lands yet but give them time.
1525 A terrible plague sweeps through the Incan homeland probably a disease like measles or smallpox brought from Europe. The Spanish arent in Peru yet but their germs are!
Later well see what happens when the Spanish arrive
Legendary lords
Where do humans come from? People have wondered this since they had two brain cells to think with.
Scientists say...
They could be right.
Christians say
They could be right. The Bible reckons God made us in his image and some of us are very god-like, arent we?
But the Incas came up with an even more sensible idea
A bit like worms!
Lord number 1: Mighty Manco
There are three caves at Paqari-tampu where (they say) the first Incan leader first saw the light of day. His name was Manco Capac and he popped out of one of the caves with his three brothers and four sisters. Ten groups of people appeared from the other caves, but naturally the Incas were the leaders. Then they set off on a great journey through the Andes