David E. Stuart - The Ancient Southwest: Chaco Canyon, Bandelier, and Mesa Verde

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THE ANCIENT SOUTHWEST

Spruce Tree House, Mesa Verde, 2008.
Photograph by Lisa S. Pacheco.

THE

ANCIENT
SOUTHWEST

Chaco Canyon, Bandelier, and Mesa Verde

DAVID E. STUART

ISBN for this digital edition: 978-0-8263-4639-1

2009 by David E. Stuart

All rights reserved. Published 2009
Printed in the United States of America

14 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 6

Large portions of this book were previously published in
Glimpses of the Ancient Southwest by Ancient City Press.

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS HAS CATALOGED THE PRINTED EDITION AS FOLLOWS:

Stuart, David E.

The ancient Southwest: Chaco Canyon, Bandelier,
and Mesa Verde / David E. Stuart.

p. cm.

Rev. ed. of: Glimpses of the ancient Southwest. Santa Fe, N.M. : Ancient City Press, 1985.

Includes index.

ISBN 978-0-8263-4638-4 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. Indians of North AmericaNew MexicoAntiquities.

2. Pueblo IndiansAntiquities.

3. New MexicoAntiquities.

I. Stuart, David E. Glimpses of the ancient Southwest.

II. Title.

E78.N65S846 2009

978.901dc22

2008051126

For
Troy and Trace Morgan

Fig. 1: Three Corn Ruin, a Navajo and Pueblo ruin of the early eighteenth century. Drawing by Scott Andrae.

CONTENTS

PART III: TWILIGHT OF HUNTING SOCIETY AND THE
DAWN OF AGRICULTURE

PART IV: CHACO AND MIMBRES: HEYDAY OF THE
ANCIENT SOUTHWEST

PART V: AFTER THE FALL OF CHACO AND MIMBRES
SOCIETY

PREFACE

Twenty-seven years ago I was busy putting the finishing touches on another book, Prehistoric New Mexico, written with my friend, Rory Gauthier. Two editions and many reprints of that work have already been well received by the scholarly community, both as a technical reference and as a textbook. In fact, so many years have now passed that it is both outdated and referred to as a classic. In spite of that, unlike this present book of essays, Prehistoric New Mexico brought its authors surprisingly little joy. Let me explain.

The Prehistoric New Mexico project was long, very technical, and politically delicate. Bureaucrats were involved, too many of them every bit as authoritarian and tedious as those portrayed in the most outrageous Hollywood comedy sketches. Worse yet, Rory and I had uncovered a remarkably fresh and exciting picture of Southwestern archaeology, hidden for many years in the thousands of field data forms tucked away in dozens of institutional steel file drawers. But it was the politics of academics and of our project that initially fascinated our colleaguesnot our discoveries. What frustration!

A year or so after Prehistoric New Mexicos publication, two friends, Carlos Caraveo and Norman Todd, simultaneously began urging me to write an archaeology article or two for local newspapers. At that time Carlos was circulation manager of the New Mexico Independent and Norman, an attorney by vocation, also wrote a political column for the Silver City Enterprise.

In the 1880s, Adolph Bandelier, the legendary founder of Southwestern archaeology, wrote regularly for the newspapers. In fact, the eastern press provided him an important income for features carrying then-exotic datelines like Santa Fe, Canyon de los Frijoles, and Pecos, New Mexico Territory. However, in the intervening century, archaeologists turned away from the news-reading public and concentrated on the scholarly pressa narrow but prestigious audience.

In January 1982, after nearly a century of silence, the Silver City Enterprise and the New Mexico Independent again carried newspaper articles written by a professional anthropologist for the general public. Public response was immediatewithin a few days both papers asked me how they could regularly carry my column. Tongue-in-cheek, I named it New Mexicos Heritage and kept on writing, expecting interest to fade. But it did not. For a number of years fourteen papers carried the series, from Raton and Farmington in the north to Las Cruces and Silver City in the south. In 1987 I returned to university life full time and stopped writing New Mexicos Heritage. I miss it still.

The editors of New Mexicos newspapers, particularly small town ones, were generally a friendly and progressive lot; therefore, many of the essays in this collection were first written at the special request of one or another local paper. Some wisely lobbied me not to neglect tales about the people and places important to me in my everyday job. So I have written about friends like John Broster and Rory Gauthier, with whom I walked so many long, tiring miles in New Mexicos back country. I have written about John Beardsley, too, although we have other memories. I have also told you about Frank Broilo, who died far too young.

Articles about the new, emerging picture of New Mexicos past that Rory and I once so tediously weeded out of dead files are also included. They are as accurate as those I write for textbooks, but they are much more fun to write. I hope they also bring you pleasure. If you enjoy this book, want to know more, or have knowledge to share, write to me through the publisher, or email me at .

While I have selected articles as informative as space permits, this collection does not constitute a textbook approach to our regions past. These essays are interesting vignettes about the Ancient Southwest.

David Stuart

Mannies Central Avenue Restaurant

Route 66, Albuquerque

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I am a fortunate mannot in riches, but in the richness of my friends and mentors. Most of these essays were first typed by Louise Weishaupt of Albuquerque. Without Louise, my New Mexicos Heritage newspaper series would never have gotten to editors across the state. Gail Wimberly of Composing Services in Tularosa is special too. She has composed my most important early book projects. I also want to thank Cynthia Stuart, Tracey Morse, Rory Gauthier, Scott Andrae, John Stein, and Leonard Raab for helping me with photographs and artwork. All of the books photographs were carefully hand processed by Scott Caraway in Albuquerque. Mary Powell and Marta Weigle, the initial publishers of this work, were both patient and supportive. My current publishers, University of New Mexico Press, if anything, are even more fun to work with: Director Luther Wilson, Acquiring Editor Lisa Pacheco, Managing Editor Maya Allen-Gallegos, and the Presss talented design team including this editions designer, Mina Yamashita, all provide a superb author experience.

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