Mark Bray - Decentralization of education: community financing, Part 36
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Decentralization of education: community financing, Part 36
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Decentralization of Education : Community Financing Directions in Development (Washington, D.C.)
author
:
Bray, Mark.
publisher
:
World Bank
isbn10 | asin
:
0821337246
print isbn13
:
9780821337240
ebook isbn13
:
9780585228822
language
:
English
subject
Education--Developing countries--Finance, Federal aid to education--Developing countries, Community and school--Developing countries.
publication date
:
1996
lcc
:
LB2826.6.D44B73 1996eb
ddc
:
379.1/2/091724
subject
:
Education--Developing countries--Finance, Federal aid to education--Developing countries, Community and school--Developing countries.
Page i
DIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENT
Decentralization of Education
Community Financing
Mark Bray
Page ii
1996 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433
All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing November 1996
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the author and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent.
Mark Bray, a professor at the Comparative Research Centre of the University of Hong Kong, is the author of several books and many articles focusing on the aspects of the economics and financing of education. His books include (with Steve Packer) Education in Small States: Concepts, Challenges, and Strategies (Pergamon Press) and (editor, with Kevin Lillis) Community Financing of Education: Issues and Policy Implications in Less Developed Countries (Pergamon Press). He wrote this book as a visiting scholar in the World Bank's Human Development Department.
Cover photo: Curt Carnemark, The World Bank
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bray, Mark, 1952 Decentralization of education : community financing / Mark Bray. p. cm. (Directions in development) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8213-3724-6 1. EducationDeveloping countriesFinance. 2. Federal aid to educationDeveloping countries. 3. Community and school Developing countries. I. Title. II. Series: Directions in development (Washington, D.C.) LB2826.6.D44B73 1996 379. 1'2'09l724DC20 96-32177 CIP
Page iii
Contents
Preface
v
Acknowledgments
vii
Communities and Their Characteristics
1
Scale, Motivation, and Nature of Community Financing
3
Mechanics of Community Financing
7
Initiating and Directing Operations
7
Strategies for Mobilizing Resources
8
Policy Issues Confronting Governments
14
The Strength and Role of the State
14
Equity Issues
16
Planning and Resource Use
19
Government Incentives, Guidance, and Controls
21
Incentives
21
Guidance
26
Controls
29
Challenges and Risks
37
Political Dimensions and the Distribution of Authority
37
Disparities and Encouragement of Less Active Groups
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