Kate Rittenhouse-Olson - Contemporary Clinical Immunology and Serology

Kate Rittenhouse-Olson, Ph.D. S.I.CM (ASCP)

Editor, Immunological Investigations
Professor, Director Biotechnology Undergraduate Program
Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences
School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
University of Buffalo

Ernesto De Nardin, M.S., Ph.D.

Associate Editor, Immunological Investigations
Professor, Department of Oral Biology
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Schools of Medicine and Dentistry
University of Buffalo

Pearson

Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo

Notice: The authors and the publisher of this volume have taken care that the information and technical recommendations contained herein are based on research and expert consultation, and are accurate and compatible with the standards generally accepted at the time of publication. Nevertheless, as new information becomes available, changes in clinical and technical practices become necessary. The reader is advised to carefully consult manufacturers' instructions and information material for all supplies and equipment before use, and to consult with a health care professional as necessary. This advice is especially important when using new supplies or equipment for clinical purposes. The authors and publisher disclaim all responsibility for any liability, loss, injury, or damage incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the contents of this volume.

Publisher: Julie Levin Alexander
Publishers Assistant: Regina Bruno
Executive Acquisitions Editor: John Goucher
Associate Editor: Melissa Kerian
Editorial Assistant: Erica Viviani
Development Editors: Laura Horowitz, Anne Seitz, and Gretchen Miller, Hearthside Publishing Services
Director of Marketing: David Gesell
Executive Marketing Manager: Katrin Beacom
Marketing Coordinator: Alicia Wozniak
Senior Managing Editor: Patrick Walsh
Project Manager: Christina Zingone-Luethje
Senior Operations Supervisor: Ilene Sanford
Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell
Senior Art Director: Jayne Conte
Cover Designer: Suzanne Behnke
Cover Art: Deco Images II / Alamy
Media Editor: Amy Peltier
Lead Media Project Manager: Lorena Cerisano
Full-Service Project Management: Erika Jordan, Laserwords Private Limited
Composition: Laserwords Private Limited
Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville
Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color/Hagerstown
Text Font: ITC Stone Serif Std

Credits and acknowledgments for content borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page.

Copyright 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290.

Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Rittenhouse-Olson, Kate.
Contemporary clinical immunology and serology/Kate Rittenhouse-Olson, Ernesto De Nardin. 1st ed. p. cm.
ISBN 978-0-13-510424-8 (alk. paper)
1. Clinical immunologyTextbooks. 2. SerologyTextbooks. I. De Nardin, Ernesto. II. Title.
RC582.R58 2013
616.07'9dc23

2012017853

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

To the patience and kindness and interest of my students over the last 20 years, I love teaching youyou inspire me with your search for knowledge and your dedication to your future professions. AIso to my family, especially to my wonderful husband Jim and my children Jennifer, anna, and Andrew Diakun, who have watched me type and read into the night. Together, you are the support system that made this book and everything I do possible.

Kate Rittenhouse-Olson

To my family, Ann, Nicole, and Jesse, for putting up with me while i was working on this; to my father, for being the quintessential example of the ultimate free spirit; to my dental, medical, and graduate students, for challenging me all the time; and to my dogs Skippy and Luigi because, well... they're really cool dogs.

Ernesto De Nardin

Contemporary Clinical Immunology and Serology is part of Pearsons Clinical Laboratory Science series of textbooks, which is designed to balance theory and practical applications in a way that is engaging and useful to students. The authors of and contributors to Contemporary Clinical Immunology and Serology present highly detailed technical information and real-life case studies to help learners envision themselves as members of the health care team providing the laboratory services specific to immunology in assisting with patient care. The mixture of theoretical and practical information relating to immunology provided in this text allows learners to analyze and synthesize this information and, ultimately, to answer questions and solve problems and cases. Additional applications and instructional resources are available at www.myhealthprofessionskit.com.

We hope that this book, as well as the entire series, proves to be a valuable educational resource.

Elizabeth A. Zeibig, Ph.D., MLS(ASCP)CM
Clinical Laboratory Science Series Editor
Pearson Health Science

Associate Dean for Graduate Education
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science
Doisy College of Health Sciences
Saint Louis University
St. Louis, Missouri

This first edition of Contemporary Clinical Immunology and Serology is written for students that will use, order, or design clinical immunology assays. This includes students in the medical technology/clinical laboratory scientist (MT/CLS) and medical laboratory technician/clinical laboratory technician (MLT/CLT) programs as well as those in biotechnology programs and other science undergraduates and graduates interested in a medically oriented immunology course. Immunology has become an essential part of many scientific careers, and this text and related course is designed to benefit individuals in undergraduate and graduate science courses who want to understand the current state of the art in basic immunology, immunological diseases, and clinical diagnosis using immunological methods.