Dorling Kindersley - SuperSimple Maths: The Ultimate Bitesize Study Guide

DK LONDON Senior editor Sarah MacLeod Senior art editor Samantha Richiardi Project editors Edward A ves, Ben Morg an Editor Alexandra Di Fa lco US editor Kayla Dugger US executiv e editor Lori Cates Hand Illustrato rs Adam Brack enbury , G us Scott Managing editors Rachel Fo x, Li sa Gillespie Managing art editor Owen Peyton Jones Production editor George Nimmo Production c ontrol ler Laura Andr ews Jacket designer Akiko Kato Jackets design dev elopment manager Sophia MTT Publisher Andrew Macintyre Art director Karen Self Associate publishing director Liz Wheeler Publishing director Jonathan Metcalf Authors Belle Cottingham, John F ar ndon, T om Jackson, Ben Morgan, Michael Olagunju, Jenny Sk ene, Kar l Wa rsi Consultants Amber Kuang, Allen Ma, Karl W arsi DK DELHI Senior editor Anita Kakar Project art editor Sanjay Chauhan Editors Aashirwad Jain, So nali Jindal Art editor Sonakshi Singh Assistant art editor Aparajita Sen Senior picture r esearc her Surya Sankash Sara ngi Picture re search manager Tai yaba Khatoon Senior managing editor Rohan Sinha Managing art editor Sudakshina Basu Senior DTP designer Vishal Bhatia DTP designer Nityanand Kumar Pre-prod uction manager Balwant Singh Production manager Pankaj Sharma Jacket designer Juhi Sheth Senior jackets designer Suhita Dharamjit Jackets DT P designer Rakesh Kumar Design head Malavika T al ukder Editorial head Glenda R. F ernandes First American Edition, 2021 Published in the United States by DK Publishing 1450 Broadway , S uite 801, New Yor k, NY 10018 Copyright 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited DK, a Division of Pe nguin Random House LLC 21 22 23 24 25 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 001-322042-J une/2021 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under the copyright r eserved above, no part of this public ation may be re produced , stored in or intr oduced i nto a retrieval sy stem, or transmitted , in any form, or by an y means (electro nic, mechanic al, photocopying, record ing, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the c opyright owner . Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kinder sley Limited A catalog re cord for this book is available fro m the Librar y of Congress. ISBN: 978-0-7440-2889-8 DK books are available at special discounts when pur chased in bulk for sales pr omotions, prem iums, fund-raising, or educ ational use. For details, c ontact: DK Publishing Special Marke ts, 1450 Broadway , S uite 801, New Yor k, NY 10018 SpecialSales@dk.com Printed and bound in China www.dk.com This book was made with Fo rest Steward ship Council certied paperone small step in DKs commitment to a sustainable futur e. For more information go to www. dk.com/our-gr een-pledge Established in 1846, the Smithsonian is the worlds lar gest museum and resear ch comple x, dedica ted to public education, national service, and scholarship in the arts, sciences, and history . It includes 19 museums and galleries and the National Zoologic al Park. The total number of artifacts, works of art, and specimens in the Smithsonians collection is estimated at 156 million.

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Contents Number and ari thmetic I ntroducing numbers D ecimals W ritten addition and subtraction A dding and subtracting decimals N egative numbers Multiplying and dividing by 10, 100, and 1,000 M ethods of multiplication M ethods of division M ental addition and subtraction M ental multiplication and division P owers of numbers F actors and multiples P rime numbers P rime factorization C ommon factors and multiples O rder of operations Angles and sha pes A ngles A ngle facts A ngles and parallel lines M easuring and drawing angles S ymmetry P roperties of triangles P roperties of quadrilaterals P roperties of polygons A ngles in a triangle A ngles in a quadrilateral E xterior angles of a polygon I nterior angles of a polygon P roperties of a circle Practice question: W orking with angles Fractions, decimals , and perc entages F ractions I mproper fractions and mixed numbers C omparing fractions A dding and subtracting fractions F raction of an amount M ultiplying fractions D ividing fractions P ercentages F ractions, decimals, and percentages P ercentage of an amount M ental percentage calculations F inding the percentage change P ercentage increase and decrease R everse percentages G rowth and decay C ompound interest R ecurring decimals R ecurring decimals and fractions a b d c

Measure M etric units of measure and time I mperial units of measure C onverting units of measure C onverting units of area and volume C ompound units of measure Practice questions: W orking with c ompound units P erimeter and area A rea formulas H ow area formulas work C ircumference and area of a circle L ength of an arc and area of a sector P ractice questions: Compound 2D shapes 3 D shapes 3 D cross-sections P lans and elevations V olume of a rectangular prism S urface area of a rectangular prism V olume and surface area of a prism V olume and surface area of a cylinder V olume and surface area of a pyramid V olume and surface area of a cone V olume and surface area of a sphere P ractice questions: Compound 3D shapes R ounding and estimating B ounds of accuracy Intro ducing algebra A lgebraic terms E xpressions S ubstitution E xponents in algebra E xpanding parentheses E xpanding quadratics F actoring F actoring quadratics F actoring harder quadratic expressions T he dierence of two squares A lgebraic fractions A dding and subtracting algebraic fractions M ultiplying and dividing algebraic fractions F ormulas R earranging formulas F unctions I nverse functions C omposite functions Powers and calculations H igher powers and estimating powers R oots N egative powers M ultiplying and dividing with powers R aising a power to a power F ractional powers and roots P ractice questions: Calculating with powers Irrational square roots and irrational numbers S implifying square root expressions I rrational square roots in fractions E xact calculations S cientic notation Multiplying and dividing with scientic notation Adding and subtracting with scientic not ation 2.8 m 6.7 m 2.9 m 2.9 m

Equations and g ra phs E quations S olving simple equations S olving harder equations E quations with parentheses S imultaneous equations P ractice question: Real-world s imultaneous equations S olving simple quadratic equations S olving harder quadratic equations C ompleting the square H ow to complete the square T he quadratic formula Practice question: Choosing a method for quadratic problems T rial and error T he coordinate grid L inear graphs E quation of a line P arallel and perpendicular lines L ength and midpoint of a line segment Q uadratic graphs Q uadratics in the real world S olving simple equations using graphs S olving harder equations using graphs I nequalities G raphing linear inequalities Q uadratic inequalities Ratio an d pro portion R atios D ividing in a given ratio D irect proportion I nverse proportion U nitary method S caling method P roportion C omparing proportions P roportion equations P ractice questions: Ratio and proportion x y (3, 12) (1, 0) (3, 0) (1, 4) (0, 3) (2, 3) (2, 5)