Patricia Harris - What Is HTML Code?

Patricia Harris

New Y ork

Spotlight on K ids Can Cod e

HTML CO DE?

What Is

Manufactured in the United States of America

CPSIA Compliance Information: Batch #BS17PK: For Fur ther Infor mation contact Rosen Publishing , New Y or k, New Y or k at 1-800-237-9932

Published in 2018 by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.

29 East 21st Street, New Y ork, NY 10010

Copyright 2018 by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.

All rights reserv ed. No part of this book may be reproduced in any for m without permission in writing from the publisher , except by a reviewer .

First Edition

Editor: Elizabeth Krajnik

Book Design: Michael J. Flynn

Photo Credits: Cover JGI/T om Grill/Blend Images/Getty Images; p. 5 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com; p. 6 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dave_Raggett_cropped.jpg; p. 7 https://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Tim_Berners-Lee.jpg; p. 9 Africa Studio/Shutterstock.com; p. 11 Alena Ozerova /Shutterstock.com; p. 18 michaeljung/Shutterstock.com; p. 19 (wolf) miroslav chytil/Shutterstock. com; p. 21 24Novembers/Shutterstock.com.

Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Harris, Patricia.

Title: What is HTML code? / Patricia Harris. Description: New Y ork : PowerKids Press, 2018. | Series: Spotlight on kids can code | Includes index. Identiers: ISBN 9781508155225 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781508155102 (library bound) | ISBN 9781508154273 (6 pack) Subjects: LCSH: HTML (Document markup language)--Juvenile literature. | Internet programming--Juvenile literature. | W eb sites--Juvenile literature. Classication: LCC QA76.76.H94 H37 2018 | DDC 006.74--dc23

HTML Basics ...........................

The History of HTML ...................

Text Editors for Writing HTML .........

Sample Program .......................1

Making Modifications to HTML ........

Adding Photos to Web Pages ...........1

Make Your Own Web Page ...............1

Dont Forget! ........................2

Glossary.............................2

Index................................2

Websites.............................2

Contents

HTML is one of the most important coding systems in the world. Behind every web page is a page of HTML code. HTML , or hypertext markup language, is a markup language used to create web pages. Markup languages are computer languages that are made for working with text. Markup languages provide a format for text les. T his determines the text s style and the layout of the web page.

The codes for formatting are called ta gs. Theyre called tags because they use special charactersalso called t agsto hold the formatting commands. In HTM L, the tag character s are < to start the formatting code and > to end it. An ex ample of t ags in HTM L is to tell where the HTML le starts and

HTML Basi cs

Web pages play an important role in our everyday lives. Without HTML code, businesses wouldnt be able to create or maintain their websites.

top-level heading bold underline italics

leftaligned text new paragraph horizontal line line break

In 1980, computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee became interested in creating a system researchers could use to share information. This idea led to something even larger the W orld W ide W eb. HTM L is the publishing language for the W orld W ide W eb, whic h means it s used to create the web pages we see. Berners-Lee also created HTML .

HTML needs to work on all the different types of computers that are connected to the Internet. It also needs to work with the different publishing methods on each of these computers. HTTP , or hypertext transfer protocol , is

The History of HTM L

In 1992, Dave Raggett, a researcher for Hewlett-Packard, visited Berners-Lee to further develop HTML. After he returned to England, Raggett created a better version of HTML called HTML+. HTML has been improved several times. At present, HTML5 is the version most commonly used.

Dave Raggett

Most peo ple think that the Interne t and the W o rld Wide W e b are the same thing , b ut they are nt . The Interne t is a netwo rk that conne cts millions of computers all over the worl d. The W o rld Wide W e b is a way peo ple share inf ormat ion ov er the In ternet. Witho ut the Interne t, the W or ld Wide W eb woul d not be p ossible .

Breaking the Code

the way les are retrieved, or brought back, from an Internet- connected computer.

Berners-Lee encouraged other people to work to make the W orld W ide W eb and HTM L better . In September 1991, he created the WWW-talk mailing list, which allowed people to share their ideas.

Tim Berners-Lee

Y ou can write your HTM L code in a text editor and have it run in your browser . T hat s the way early web page coders worked. On a W indows-based computer , you can use Notepad and, on a Mac, you can use Syntra Small. Y ou just type in your code and save it with a le name that ends with .htm or .html. Remember where you store the le.

Another way to write your code is to work in a special environment for writing and running code. CodeMirror is a text editor that tells you if there are missing coding elements. CodeRun is an integrated development environment (ID E) that allows you to work within your browser whether youre on a computer or a tablet. Codeanywhere is an ID E that helps you write your code and gives you information about your code as you write it.

Te xt Editors f or W ri ting HTM L

Software is a set of instructions or a program that instructs a computer what to do. CodeMirror is open-source software for coding in your browser. Open-source software is software you can use for free. It can be used to code with HTML and other programming languages.