NATO after Sixty Years
NEW STUDIES IN U.S. FOREIGN RELATIONS
Mary Ann Heiss, editor
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NATO after Sixty Years: A Stable Crisis
EDITED BY JAMES SPERLING AND S. VICTOR PAPACOSMA
NATO after Sixty Years
A Stable Crisis
E DITED BY
J AMES S PERLING
AND
S. V ICTOR P APACOSMA
The Kent State University Press
Kent, Ohio
2012 by The Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio 44242
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
ISBN 978-1-60635-135-2
Manufactured in the United States of America
Cataloging information for this title is available at the Library of Congress.
16 15 14 13 12 5 4 3 2 1
Dedicated to the memory of a good friend and dedicated colleague,
M ARK R. R UBIN
(19442009)
Contents
S. VICTOR PAPACOSMA
JAMES SPERLING
SEAN KAY
MARK WEBBER
STANLEY KOBER
MELVIN A. GOODMAN
YANNIS A. STIVACHTIS
STEPHEN J. BLANK
NATHAN J. LUCAS
LAWRENCE S. KAPLAN
DENNIS J. D. SANDOLE
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STANLEY R. SLOAN
JAMIE SHEA
Preface and Acknowledgments
S. V ICTOR P APACOSMA
This volume has drawn on the papers presented at the conference, NATO after Sixty Years, organized by Kent State Universitys Lemnitzer Center for NATO and European Union Studies on April 30 to May 1, 2009. It is the fourth in a series of decennial volumes going back to NATO after thirty years, each of which has examined NATO at critical junctures in its existence1979, 1989, 1999, 2009and collectively they contribute to a deeper understanding of what has been termed the enduring alliance. Although unable to participate in the conference, Jamie Shea subsequently contributed a concluding chapter, What Does NATOs New Strategic Concept Say about the Future of the Alliance?
Critical support for the successful organization of the conference and for the editing of this volume came from a number of sources. A grant from NATOs Public Diplomacy Division helped defray costs, along with funding from Kent State Universitys Libraries and Departments of History and Political Science. Carla Weber contributed important administrative services. As always and his emeritus status notwithstanding, Lawrence (Larry) Kaplan played a vital part in this conference, as for so many earlier ones sponsored by the Lemnitzer Center, which he cofounded more than three decades ago. His is literally the enduring spirit and soul of this academic center, although he humbly understated this role in his introductory presentation at the conference, Reflections on the Lemnitzer Centers Thirty Years.
The conference benefited from the participation of James Snyder, from NATOs Public Diplomacy Division, who chaired the introductory session and offered insightful observations from Brussels. Other panel chairs included Professor Mary Ann Heiss from Kent States Department of History and Professor Michael Nwanze from Howard University, with whom the Lemnitzer Center has collaborated for more than two decades in cosponsoring a National Model NATO in Washington with participation by undergraduates from universities in the United States, Canada, and, most recently, also from the United Kingdom and Italy.
Mark R. Rubin, director emeritus of Kent States Center for International Programs and associate director emeritus of the Lemnitzer Center, took part in the conference but is no longer with us. In his many professional and nonprofessional capacities he parlayed a veritable arsenal of intellectual, organizational, and humanistic assets over the decades. Beneficiaries of his largesse, to include numerous students, are countless. It is only fitting that Mark Rubin, having left such a rich legacy, should have this volume dedicated in his memory.
Abbreviations
ABM | Anti-Ballistic Missiles |
ACE | Allied Command Europe |
ACLANT | Allied Command Atlantic |
ANA | Afghan National Army |
AOR | Area of Responsibility |
ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
AWACS | Airborne Warning and Control System |
AWP | Annual Work Program |
BMDS | Ballistic Missile Defense System |
CENTCOM | United States Central Command |
CFE | Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe |
CFSP | Common Foreign and Security Policy |
CIA | Central Intelligence Agency |
CIMIC | civil-military co-operation |
CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States |
CJTF | Combined Joint Task Force |
CoE | Council of Europe |
COPS | Political and Security Committee |
COPSI | Interim Political and Security Committee |
CPC | Conflict Prevention Centre |
CSBM | Confidence and Security Building Measures |
CSCE | Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe |
CSDP | Common Security and Defense Policy |
CSO | Committee of Senior Officials |
CSTO | Collective Security Treaty Organization |
DCI | Defense Capabilities Initiative |
EAPC | Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council |
EC | European Community |
ECB | European Central Bank |
EEC | European Economic Community |
ESDI | European Security and Defense Identity |
ESDP | European Security and Defense Policy |
EU | European Union |
EUFOR | European Union Force |
EULEX | European Union Rule of Law Mission |
EUMC | European Union Military Committee |
EUMS | EU Military Staff |
EUROFOR | European Operational Rapid Force |