Histories of the Jews of Egypt
Up until the advent of Nasser and the 1956 War, a thriving and diverse Jewry lived in Egypt mainly in the two cities of Alexandria and Cairo, deeply influencing the social and cultural history of the country.
Histories of the Jews of Egypt argues that this Jewish diaspora should be viewed as an imagined bourgeoisie. It demonstrates how, from the late nineteenth century up to the 1950s, a resilient bourgeois imaginary developed and influenced the lives of Egyptian Jews both in the public arena, in institutions such as the school and in the home. From the schools of the Alliance Isralite Universelle and the Cairo lyce franais to Alexandrian marriage contracts and interwar Zionist newspapers this book explains how this imaginary was characterised by a great capacity to adapt to the evolutions of late nineteenth and early twentieth century Egypt, but later deteriorated alongside increasingly strong Arab nationalism and the political upheavals that the country experienced from the 1940s onwards.
Offering a novel perspective on the history of modern Egypt and its Jews, and unravelling too often forgotten episodes and personalities which contributed to the making of an incredibly diverse and lively Jewish diaspora at the crossroads of Europe and the Middle East, this book is of interest to scholars of modern Egypt, Jewish history and Mediterranean history.
Dario Miccoli is Fernand Braudel Fellow at the Institut dEtudes et Recherches sur le Monde Arabe et Musulman, MMSH/Aix-Marseille Universit. He is the editor of Memory and Ethnicity: Ethnic Museums in Israel and the Diaspora (2013).
Routledge studies in Middle Eastern history
The regions history from the earliest times to the present is catered for by this series made up of the very latest research. Books include political, social, cultural, religious and economic history.
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18 Histories of the Jews of Egypt
An imagined bourgeoisie, 1880s1950s
Dario Miccoli
First published 2015
by Routledge
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2015 Dario Miccoli
The right of Dario Miccoli to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Miccoli, Dario, author.
Histories of the Jews of Egypt : an imagined bourgeoisie, 1880s-1950s / Dario Miccoli.
pages cm. (Routledge studies in Middle Eastern history ; 18)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. JewsEgyptHistory19th century. 2. JewsEgyptHistory20th century. 3. JudaismEgyptHistory19th century. 4. JudaismEgyptHistory20th century. 5. EgyptEthnic relations. I. Title.
DS135.E4M53 2015
962.004924009041dc23
2014035800
ISBN: 978-1-138-80205-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-75447-5 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
This book is the end of a voyage begun nine years ago when, as a graduate student, I came across the novels of an Israeli writer of Egyptian Jewish origin named Yitzhaq Gormezano Goren. Since then, my thoughts very often wandered between the corniche of Alexandria, the classrooms of Cairos lyce franais and the noisy trains that went from Egypt to Eretz Israel. During this long voyage, I have asked myself, as have countless others, why I decided to study this particular subject. I still have not come to a definitive answer, or perhaps I have too many answers that do not yet fully explain why I fell in love with the Jews of Egypt. Having completed the book, I can only say that I enjoyed writing it and now that my voyage has reached its final stage, I feel both relieved and strangely sad.
Histories of the Jews of Egypt is largely based upon my doctoral dissertation, defended in July 2012 at the Department of History and Civilisation of the European University Institute, Florence. As anyone familiar with academic life knows, the completion of a PhD involves long periods of lonely reading and writing. At the same time, it is an occasion to meet new people and travel to many different places. Much of this would not have been possible without the financial support of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the European University Institute, the Rothschild Foundation (Hanadiv) Europe and the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture, New York. At the EUI, my supervisor Giulia Calvi read and discussed every step of my dissertation with patience and kindness: this book would not have been the same without her guidance and suggestions. I would like to thank Anthony Molho, who encouraged me with enthusiasm since the very beginning and showed deep interest in the research. Deborah Starr kindly accepted to be part of my jury and since then has generously shared with me her knowledge of Egyptian Jewish history and culture; here, I would like to express all my gratitude to her.