Hanyi Min - Stereo Atlas of Vitreoretinal Diseases

Jointly published with Peoples Medical Publishing House, PR of China

The print edition is not for sale in China Mainland. Customers from China Mainland please order the print book from:

Peoples Medical Publishing House.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

When I was a junior resident, I was so confused by the retinal layers of different lesions described by the senior doctors, such as the bleeding at the retinal nerve fiber layer, exudates near the outer nuclear layer, and tumor derived from the choroid. Had they got X-ray vision that can penetrate or even dissect the retina nakedly? I had been doubted for my qualification as an ophthalmologist for so long!

Finally, I took courage to confirm that my stereovision was normal and even superior by standard stereo examination, and yet, I still perceived the retina as a single plane! The contour, shape, and color of the lesion are certainly easy to determine. As for the optic edema, I can only clarify the diopter by adjusting the turntable of the direct ophthalmoscope and comparing with the macular. But how can human eyes distinguish the different retinal layers? They only exist in the books and biopsy slides!

It was not until I started to learn the retina subspecialty that this problem was finally solved with full confidence of ophthalmologist. With the help of double +10D or +5D lens, the stereo pair taken by different shooting angles looked so vivid. I was even tempted to touch and squeeze the lesions, just like in the 3D movies! Once the self-doubt was swept away, I regained the dream to become a vitreoretinal specialist.

Then, I learned to use the slit lamp ophthalmoscope (+90D, +78D), the indirect ophthalmoscope (+20D), the stereo fundus photography (SFP), and the optical coherence topography (enhanced depth imaging technique). All these techniques were aimed to penetrate the retina, choroid, pigment epithelium, and even sclera.

Although the technology of deciphering retinal diseases is constantly advancing, the SFP is still indispensable, which not only can reveal the retina stereoscopically and comprehensively but also has been the gold standard for certain diseases, such as glaucoma and retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Meanwhile, the equipment demands for SFP are not so expensive and can be easily promoted in the grassroots hospitals. In this book, we carefully collected and organized more than 300 stereo color fundus images and angiography pictures of various vitreoretinal diseases for colleges to recognized the three-dimensional features at first glance, such as retinal bleeding at different layers, optic disc change of glaucoma, macular diseases, tumors, RAP, and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). All these will interest you in vitreoretinal diseases.

As the saying goes, no man is his crafts master the first day! I sincerely hope this book will clear up the uncertainties of stereo fundus for all the readers and become a stepping stone to learn vitreoretinal diseases for ophthalmologists!