Mometrix Veterinary Certification Test Team - VTNE Flashcard Study System: VTNE Test Practice Questions & Review for the Veterinary Technician National Exam
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***Ace Your Exam and Get the Results You Deserve***
Taking the Veterinary Technician National Exam is a challenge and your results can make a huge difference when it comes to your future. If you do well on the exam, it can open doors and lead to wonderful opportunities. If you do poorly on the exam, you will find yourself with fewer options. You may have to put your plans for the future on hold, or even give up on them altogether. Preparing for your exam with our VTNE Flashcard Study System can help you avoid this fate and give you a big advantage when you take the test. Thousands of satisfied customers have relied on Mometrix Flashcards to help them pass their exams, and now you can too.
Mometrix Test Preparation is not affiliated with or endorsed by any official testing organization. All organizational and test names are trademarks of their respective owners.
When you study with Mometrix VTNE flashcards, youll get an in-depth review of each test section.
The Pharmacy and Pharmacology section includes:
- Drugs in food source animals
- Dosage
The Surgical Preparation and Assisting section includes:
- Operating room rules
- Bandaging
- Autoclaves
The Dentistry Procedures section includes:
- Examining a patient
- Fluoride treatment
- Dental radiography
The Laboratory Procedures section includes:
- Proper blood sample handling
- Increased glucose levels
- Urine samples
The Animal Care and Nursing section includes:
- Dehydration
- Electrocardiography
- Tumors
The Diagnostic Imaging section includes:
- X-rays
- Radiation safety
- Transducer
The Anesthesia and Analgesia section includes:
- Heart rate, pulse rate, and rhythm
- Stages of anesthesia
- Analgesics
The Anatomy/Physiology/Parasitology section includes:
- Cells
- Tissue
- Bone
...and much more!
We believe in delivering lots of value for your money, so our flashcard system is packed with the critical information youll need to master in order to ace your VTNE exam. Our flashcards enable you to study small, digestible bits of information that are easy to learn and give you exposure to the different question types and concepts. With Mometrix flashcards, youll be able to study anywhere, whenever you have a few free minutes of time.
Study after study has shown that spaced repetition is the most effective form of learning, and nothing beats flashcards when it comes to making repetitive learning fun and fast. Using Mometrix flashcards for your VTNE review incorporates repetitive methods of study to teach you how to break apart and quickly solve difficult test questions.
You also get online access to VTNE practice test questions, created by our Mometrix test prep team, to prepare you for what to expect on the actual exam. Each answer is explained in depth, in order to make the principles and reasoning behind it crystal clear.
Mometrix Test Preparation has helped thousands of people achieve their education goals. Our VTNE Flashcard Study System can help you get the results you deserve on your VTNE test too.
Mometrix Veterinary Certification Test Team: author's other books
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VTNE
Describe prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are simple organisms without a nucleus (i.e.,a central structure that contains chromosomes and genes). Bacteria are acommon form of prokaryotes. A typical bacterium is a single celled, parasiticmicroorganism. Bacteria are parasitic in that they live in or on and feed offof other organisms.
Eukaryotic cells are characterized by multiple complexstructures enclosed within cellular membranes. Most eukaryotes have 3 mainparts. The first part is the outer cell membrane or protective shell thatallows oxygen and food particles to pass through, and waste to be excreted. The second part is the inner cytoplasm an organic compound with theconsistency of jelly that contains cytosol and organelles. In animal life,cytoplasm occupies over half of the cells volume. Cytosol is the wateryportion of the cytoplasm, excluding all structures and organelles.
Cellular organelles, such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, andGolgi bodies, perform specific functions within the cell. The third part ofthe eukaryotic cell, also found in the cytoplasm, is the nucleus. It containsgenetic material and controls cell growth and reproduction processes.
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VTNE
List some of the cellular organelles within the cytoplasm andtheir functions.
There are numerous organelles found in cellular cytoplasm. They include ribosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula, chloroplasts(chlorophyll, in plant cells), and Golgi bodies. Ribosomes are cellularorganelles which manufacture cellular proteins. They can be found freelyfloating in the cytoplasm, arranged in small clusters, or attached toendoplasmic reticula (intracellular tubular membranes which transport materials). Ribosomes manufacture essential proteins by reading the RNA produced bygenetic DNA, and translating it into the kind of protein indicated.
Mitochondria are specialized organelles which make up as muchas 25% of the cytoplasm. Mitochondria transform organic substances from foodsinto a useable source of chemical energy.
The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubes that alters andtransports proteins, produces and stores macromolecules (i.e., glycogen andnatural steroids), and sequesters calcium.
Golgi bodies process cellular products, releasing them backinto the cell or excreting them as needed.
Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/vtne
VTNE
Describe cell structure, material processing and routing, andcertain enzymatic functions and processes.
The cytoskeleton is the framework of the cell, and allowsmovement within the cell. Further, this structure protects the cell. Intracellular transportation is carried out as organelles and vesicles moveabout within the cytoskeleton framework.
Within each cell is a center called the centrosome. Itorganizes cellular microtubules, and regulates cell-cycle progression. Withinthe centrosome are centrioles. Centrioles organize and replicate the mitoticspindle for successful cell division and reorganization. The Golgi complex(also called the Golgi body, apparatus, or dictyosome) serves as a processingand routing system for the cell. This organelle packages proteins for use inthe cell or for secretion outside the cell. The Golgi complex also buildslysosomes, which are responsible for breaking down and recycling moleculeswithin the cell. Non-working organelles, intracellular bacteria, lipids,carbohydrates, and proteins are also contained in the lysosomes.
Arising from the endoplasmic reticulum are peroxisomes, whichare responsible for removing toxins from the cell. Peroxisome enzymes known asoxidase and catalase carry out this elimination process. Peroxisomes canself-replicate through a process of enlarging and division.
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VTNE
List and define epithelial and connective tissues as 2 of the4 primary types of tissues.
There are 4 primary tissue types in the human body: epithelial,connective, muscle, and nerve tissue. The first 2 are described here.
Epithelial tissue lines the exterior of the body, as well asall cavities and surfaces of solid structures within the body. This tissue is composedof either a single-cell layer (i.e., simple squamous or columnar cells) orseveral stratified layers of cells. Primary epithelial tissue functionsinclude: secretion, excretion, absorption, protection, sensation detection, andselective permeability.
The second type of tissue is known as connective tissue. Thistissue is located in a variety of places within the body. Connective tissuetypes determine the function that is carried out. Some types of connectivetissues work to connect, support, and protect the structures and organs withinthe body. Other types of connective tissues work to insulate. Still othersare responsible for the transportation of fluids and for energy storage.
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VTNE
List and define muscles and nerves as the 2 remaining typesof primary tissues.
There are 4 primary tissue typesin the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissue. Thelatter 2 are described here. Muscle tissue consists of 3 main subtypes knownas skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is described asstriated contractile tissue attached to the skeleton. It has a striatedappearance characterized by alternating light and dark bands undermicroscopic view. Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary control andmovement.
Smooth muscle is involuntarilycontrolled muscle, and is found in the walls of the hollow organs. It movesmuch more slowly, has no striations, and is autonomically or involuntarilyregulated. Hollow organs, specifically, blood vessels, bladder, uterus, andthe gastrointestinal tract derive dilation, contraction, and peristalticmovement from smooth muscles. The third muscle tissue subtype, Cardiac muscle,is located within the heart. It is also striated, but unlike striated skeletalmuscle, it is involuntarily controlled.
The fourth type of tissue isnervous tissue. It is located within the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Neurons and neuroglia are 2 key cell types. Neurons are nerve cells which workto transmit signals or impulses, to react to stimuli, or produce voluntaryactions or responses. Neuroglia (or glial) cells can be described as anetwork of tissues and fibers found in the brain and spinal column that providesupport, protection, and nutrition to neurons, among other functions.
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VTNE
Name the 2 major types of bone and describe thecharacteristics of compact bone.
There are 2 types of bone tissue, compact and spongy. Compactbones give structural strength and support to the body. Compact bones allowfor strenuous movement and weight-bearing activities.
Compact bone is composed of very tightly grouped osteons (alsocalled haversian systems). Each osteon is comprised of a solid matrix ofosseous lamellae (concentric rings of deposited minerals and proteins)surrounding a central canal containing blood vessels to nurture the bone. Between the lamellar rings are osteocytes (bone cells) situated in lacunae(small spaces). Channels called canaliculi extend from the lacunae to theosteonic (or haversian) canal. Nutrition is brought in through the canaliculi,and waste is moved out.
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