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James C. Halfpenny - Winter: An Ecological Handbook

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Winter: An Ecological Handbook is a guide for anyone who is curiousor needs to knowabout winter. Naturalists, winter sports enthusiasts, residents of cold climates, and others who deal with winter on a daily basis will find this an enlightening as well as useful book. Winter explores the stresses of cold temperatures on animals, plants, and people, and describes coping mechanisms, from biochemical changes to behavioral responses. The authors examine the causes, characteristics, and energy costs for offsetting the forces of winter, and they explain the variety of adaptations to extreme conditions utilized by mammals, birds, and insects, as well as plants. The human perception and experience of winter is also covered, ranging from the variety of snow terms used by natives of northern regions to the complex web of interactions between human and animal populations. A guide to winter recreation and travel features solid advice on avoiding avalanches, frostbite, and other hazards; clothing to keep you warm; shelters to build in the snow; and the best winter camping techniques and equipment.

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title Winter An Ecological Handbook author Halfpenny James C - photo 1

title:Winter : An Ecological Handbook
author:Halfpenny, James C.; Ozanne, Roy Douglas.
publisher:Johnson Books
isbn10 | asin:1555660363
print isbn13:9781555660369
ebook isbn13:9780585001494
language:English
subjectWinter--Popular works.
publication date:1989
lcc:QB637.8.H35 1989eb
ddc:525.5
subject:Winter--Popular works.
Page i

"A nourishing book for anyone who looks at winter with an inquisitive mind."

Spokane Chronicle

"Beginning with the science of ecology, especially winter ecology, and written in a lively style, Halfpenny and Ozanne discuss and illustrate every aspect of this seasonenergy, strategies for coping, the nivean environment, animals, plants, insects in winter, the perceptions of people in the cold, and lastly experiencing winter, being out in it for sport, camping, research. Their book, highly recommended for every library (even those in southern climates), is a splendid informative look at life and living in environments where winter means cold, often forbidding weather."

Academic Library Book Review

"One excellent source for understanding how animals (including man) survive frigid conditions is Winter: An Ecological Handbook."

Gary Gerhardt, Rocky Mountain News

"The book is full of useful information about the physical phenomena of winter, the adaptations of organisms to winter, and how to deal with winter's dangers as well as its joys. [The authors] have successfully synthesized an introductory compilation of information from a variety of sources. Where possible, they have skillfully woven interesting real-life examplessuch as why a nose is red in the coldinto the text to accompany theory."

Arctic and Alpine Research

Page iii

Winter
An Ecological Handbook
JAMES C. HALFPENNY
ROY DOUGLAS OZANNE
ILLUSTRATED BY ELIZABETH BIESIOT
Johnson Books: Boulder, Colorado
Page iv

1989 by James C. Halfpenny and Roy Douglas Ozanne
Illustrations by Elizabeth Biesiot
Cover design by Molly Davis Gough

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

ISBN 1-55566-036-3

Library of Congress Catologing-in-Publication Data
Halfpenny, James C.
Winter: an ecological handbook / James C. Halfpenny and Roy Ozanne: illustrations by Elizabeth Biesiot. 1st ed.
p. cm.
ISBN 1-55566-036-3: $16.95
1. WinterPopular works. I. Ozanne, Roy. II. Title.
QB637.8.H35 1989
88-81618
574.5'43dc20
CIP

Printed in the United States of America by
Johnson Publishing Company
1880 South 57th Court
Boulder, Colorado 80301

Page v

Contents
Preface
vii
Acknowledgments
ix
1.
Winter Ecology
1
The Science Called Ecology
1
The Science Called Winter Ecology
3
History of Winter Ecology
4
2.
What and Where is Winter
11
The Sun and Winter
23
Energy
25
Snow
38
3.
Life, Winter, and Adaptation
65
Effects of Winter and Strategies for Coping
65
Nivean Environment
73
Temperature, Life, and Biochemistry
88
Physiological Responses
108
Energy and Mass Balance
118
Animal Energetics and Nutrition
131
Animal Populations
144
Plants and Winter
163
Insects and Winter
177
4.
People and Winter
185
Perceptions
185
Humans and Cold
194
Out in the Winter
198
5.
Experiencing Winter
245
Winter Field Experiments
246
Ecology of Winter Symposium
262
Research Equipment
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